Monosaccharides [Greek monos = single; sacchar = sugar] or simple sugars consist of one sugar unit that cannot be further broken down into simpler sugars [1]. Examples of monosaccharides in foods are glucose, fructose and galactose. Picture 1. Monosaccharide examples: glucose, fructose and galact...
Thus, a monosaccharide is a carbohydrate comprised of only one saccharide unit. The term sugar can refer to both monosaccharides and disaccharides. Monosaccharides are also called simple sugars since they are the most fundamental type of sugar. The term table sugar or granulated sugar actually ...
An example of a naturally occurring monomer would be a monosaccharide like glucose. Many glucose monomers can be joined together to create polysaccharide polymers like starch, cellulose, and glycogen. An example of an artificial, or human-made monomer would be butadiene, which can be used to cr...
a hexose is a monosaccharide with sixcarbonatoms. Monosaccharides may also be classified based on the type of carbonyl group they contain. An aldose is a monosaccharide that contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) at position 1 whereas a
The most common of these are: Glucose Glucose is a monosaccharide. The prefix mono means one and saccharide means sugar. Monosaccharides are literally one sugar molecules. Glucose is the main sugar found in our blood. It comes from the food we eat and is your body Fructose Fructose is a...
Based on the position of the carbonyl functional group in the carbon backbone of a monosaccharide, the other type of simple sugars can be ketoses, where the functional group is attached to a backbone carbon atom that is not present at either end of the compound, but rather somewhere in betw...
a carbon of one molecule loses a hydroxyl group and the hydroxyl group of another monosaccharide loses hydrogen, a bond is formed. the reaction is known as a dehydration reaction because one molecule of oxygen and two molecules of hydrogen are expelled. the structure of the molecules combined ...
“The small size of monosaccharides gives them a special role in digestion and metabolism. (The prefix” mono- “means” one.) Before they can be ingested into the gastrointestinal tract, food carbohydrates have to be broken down into monosaccharides and they also flow in monosaccharide form in...
Disaccharides are sugars orcarbohydratesmade by linking twomonosaccharides. This occurs via a dehydration reaction and amoleculeof water is removed for each linkage. Aglycosidic bondcan form between any hydroxyl group on the monosaccharide, so even if the two subunits are the same sugar, there are...
Example of Chemosynthesis In addition to bacterial and archaea, some larger organisms rely on chemosynthesis. A good example is the giant tube worm which is found in great numbers surrounding deep hydrothermal vents. Each worm houses chemosynthetic bacteria in an organ called a trophosome. The bacte...