theoretical sampling method in their study in four ways: asking additional interview questions and/or widening the scope of existing interview questions; recruiting participants with additional diversity of att
An ecological fallacy occurs inresearch designsthat use group-level or aggregate-level data to establish whether there is a potential association between twovariables.These studies are calledecological studies,a type ofobservational studywhere at least one variable is measured at the group level. This ...
A clear advantage of a case study is that rare and unusual cases are best investigated using this research method. Valid, factual data: Because the information is either coming directly from the source based on their truth or being observed in real-time, the information is considered factual ...
This paper discusses the gendering of programmers’ work in China at both the occupational and work organization levels: the dichotomy between social and technical aspects in programming work leads to a gendered hierarchical division of labor that undermines the legitimacy of women programmers’ profess...
Optimum sampling number (OSN) is one critical issue to achieve credible results when surveying heavy metals in soil and undertaking risk assessment for sus
For additional details/notation, refer to the Confident Learning paper. Methods to Standardize Research with Noisy Labels cleanlab supports a number of functions to generate noise for benchmarking and standardization in research. This next example shows how to generate valid, class-conditional, ...
The difficulties regarding the definition and measurement of social competences, crucial to the research in vocational education and training, are well known. In this paper, we show, based on the example of medical assistants in Germany, that these skills have to be assessed in an occupation-spec...
We recruited the patient representatives through snowball sampling, a convenience sampling method [24]. These representatives were enlisted from the established network of one of the already involved participants, with whom they had previously collaborated on other projects. ...
compute shader. Every thread works independently on a BC7 block, improving efficiency by retaining all data in registers and avoiding atomic operations to accumulate gradients. On an NVIDIA RTX 4090, this method can compress 400 4k textures every second, achieving a compression speed of 6.5 GTex...
Scientific research is the primary way, and arguably the most valid and reliable way, we can generate knowledge about the natural world within and around us. As the name suggests, this type of research uses the scientific met...