However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. 不要在线翻译!!!
Prepositions are words which introduce prepositional phrases in sentences. They include words such as about, below, from, on, opposite, under, over, within, and without. Prepositional phrases also have at least one noun, pronoun, or gerund which acts as the object of the preposition....
The object of a transitive verb:e.g. He bought a pen The complement of an incomplete verb:e.g. My brother is a doctor The object of a preposition.e.g. He went by this door In opposition to the noun that goes before it.e.g. David, my cousin, is a great scholarNumber...