non tariff barriers to tradetaxestrade protectionThe alcoholic beverage is a good example for non tariff barrier policies. In this sector, countries increase the difficulties for entrance of imported products, mostly for food safety reasons which arise from consumption of alcohol. This paper brings ...
An import quota refers to a legal limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported within a country. Generally, import quotas are administered through licensing agreements. An import quota leads to a similar result as a tariff; however, instead of generating tax revenue, the fees are pa...
pointed out that the supply chain is an important carrier for the international division of labor and cooperation. In the past three years, after experiencing the barriers created by the pandemic, the international community ha...
the barriers created by the pandemic, the international community has started to pay more attention to the stability and security of the supply chain, and has put the construction of an interna-tional coordinated, safe and efficient supply chain with innovative development as the top priority of ...
When firms come up against obstacles such as non-tariff barriers or unfair subsidies we are always ready to intervene strongly on their behalf. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 It is not ...
tariffs on imports and exports, making it cheaper for businesses to trade goods and services between the participating countries. Additionally, FTAs often address non-tariff barriers such as technical standards, intellectual property rights, and investment regulations, further facilitating cross-border ...
1980s, China's trade policy has been progressively liberalized but its trade regime has remained dualistic, as Chinese authorities used different policy instruments to promote exports (Lemoine, 2000). The first instrument of trade policy was the reduction in tariff and non-tariff barriers. Si[...
Voluntary export restraints (VERs) fall under the broad category ofnon-tariff barriers, which are restrictive trade barriers, such asquotas, sanctions, levies, embargoes, and other restrictions. Typically, VERs are a result of requests made by the importing country to provide a measure of protecti...
Trade liberalization refers to the removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods between nations. Such barriers could includetariffs, such as duties and surcharges, and non-tariff barriers, such as licensing rules andquotas. Economists often view the easing or erad...
The new age of trade wars could simultaneously affect the worldwide distribution pattern of the economy and environmental emissions. However, previous studies have focused on economic impacts, and on trade liberalization, while little is known about the equilibrium effects of trade barriers on the env...