Conditions A1 and A2 will be true whenever there exists a time-dependent risk factor that is simultaneously a confounder and an intermediate variable... JM Robins,D Blevins,G Ritter,... - 《Epidemiology》 被引量: 853发表: 1992年 Neurocognitive markers of psychosis in bipolar disorder: A meta...
Later on, the researcher found out some parts of the puzzle were complicated to see for some of the older participants, making age a confounding factor because it impacted study results. What is an example of an extraneous variable? A researcher designs an empathy study to test how career ...
The first demonstrates that there is a clear subjective feature bias that depends on the types of terrain being evaluated: Our participants found certain natural terrains to be more believable than others. This confounding factor means that any comparison experiment must not ask participants to ...
Horizontal gene transfer is a potential confounding factor in inferring phylogenetic trees based on the sequence of one gene. [36] For example, given two distantly related bacteria that have exchanged a gene a phylogenetic tree including those species will show them to be closely related because th...
Textbooks usually show examples of weak confounding or use hypothetical examples of strong confounding to illustrate the paradoxical consequences of not separating out the effect of the studied exposure from that of second factor acting as a confounder. HIV infection is a candidate strong confounder of...
In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat, as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high,and heat is a known cause for rashes. When working with real-world data, con-founders could number in the thousands. A...
a学科因素 Discipline factor[translate] a上周在你的店里买了一条羊毛围巾 正在翻译,请等待...[translate] aListen,write and report. 听,写并且报告。[translate] aThe assumption underlying the analysis is that the main confounding factors, unobserved resources and constraints on behavior, do not vary mu...
Also, there are information that some infections can serve as a promoting factor, by ensuring conditions for the immune reaction on a drug to start, which otherwise could not be the case [5]. In addition to these explanations, the second result might also implicate the increased risk for ...
This study aimed to examine the burden of neonatal in Denizli province, , over a 5-year period and to investigate the role of "routine" primary health care () services provided to mothers and infants by the Ministry of Health in reducing neonatal , while controlling for major confounding fac...
Evaluation of potential confounders in planning a study of occupational magnetic field exposure and female breast cancer We examined potential confounding factors that, if unaccounted for, could possibly produce a spurious association in a study of breast cancer among women o... M Goodman,M Kelsh,K...