organic acids and ferric ions or oxidized iron minerals (heterotrophic iron reducers), bicarbonate/carbonate and trace minerals in the presence and absence of light (photosynthetic organisms), carbon dioxide and a reduced metal such as ferrous ions (chemoautotrophs), ammonium ion and bicarbonate/carb...
Isobutyraldehyde can be manufactured from the hydroformylation of propylene and synthesis gas, also known as the chemical oxo (chem-oxo) process (Fig.1A). This catalyst-driven chemical process involves the addition of a formyl group and a hydrogen atom to propylene under pressure. Chemical producti...
Similar to the denitrifying microorganisms, anammox bacteria play a biogeochemical role of inorganic N removal from the environment. However, unlike heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, anammox bacteria are chemolithoautotrophs that can generate transmembrane proton motive force, synthesize ATP molecules and ...
Similar to the denitrifying microorganisms, anammox bacteria play a biogeochemical role of inorganic N removal from the environment. However, unlike heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, anammox bacteria are chemolithoautotrophs that can generate transmembrane proton motive force, synthesize ATP molecules and ...
Similar to the denitrifying microorganisms, anammox bacteria play a biogeochemical role of inorganic N removal from the environment. However, unlike heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, anammox bacteria are chemolithoautotrophs that can generate transmembrane proton motive force, synthesize ATP molecules and ...
Most primary productivity in the oceans is carried out by free-floating phytoplankton in the open ocean rather than by bottom-dwelling (benthic) plants, with chemoautotrophs contributing smaller amounts as producers in deep-sea-vent habitats. Benthic plants grow only on the fringe of the world...
Furthermore, the difference between δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg (Δ13C = δ13Ccarb − δ13Corg) reflects the comprehensive influence of chemical, biological, and geological processes [2]. The global mean Δ13C values of >32‰, 28–32‰, and <28‰ are related to chemoautotrophs, carbon...