On spec, it doesn’t look more impressive than Morrison’s 1893 World’s Fair “car,” but it won a 25-mile race for electric vehicles at a Berlin exhibition on September 28, 1899. And then there’s Studebaker, which had built wagons and carriages in the 19th century but entered the...
3. State of Charge Measurement Users expect that the vehicles will measure the present SOC of the battery and communicate it at any time. There are several methods to evaluate the SOC of a battery [8]. The method proposed is straightforward and convenient as it uses Arduino codes where the...
Bidirectional dispatchable loads such as energy storage systens [6–8] and electric vehicles (EVs) can also be utilized as flexible loads to participate in power dispatch [9,10]. The number of EVs has rapidly increased in the past five years across the world. It is estimated that their ...
Rear under run protection device (RUPD) is used to offer safety in case of rear impact and rear under-running of the passenger vehicles to the heavy and medium duty trucks. As per ECE regulation 58 RUPD is statically analyzed but we have performed its dynamic analysis in order to have the...
4.1. Basic Parameters The EVs simulated are supposed to be private vehicles with unified capacity of 24 kWh and nominal charging power of 3.3 kW. The charging and discharging efficiency are all set to 0.98. Furthermore, as EV users may arrive and depart the charging piles at random times, ...
1. Introduction The transportation sector produces very high carbon emissions; the use of electric vehicles (EVs) can mitigate this issue. However, power system operators are afraid of large-scale EV migration due to its impact on system operation [1]. Distribution networks are not, traditionally...
Ground effect vehicles can operate, in a more efficient way, over calm closed seas, taking advantage of the aerodynamic interaction between the ground and the vehicle. The proposed UGEV features a useful payload capacity of 300 kg and a maximum range of 300 km cruising at 100 kt. Regarding ...