regardless of challenge type (pricking or control). This is somewhat surprising, since the basal number of circulating hemocytes is traditionally assumed to reflect an individual’s ability to mount an immune response34,62. Nevertheless, our results may reveal that ...
This could be compatible with the exhaustion hypothesis in the sense that animals with a good nutritional status would be able to efficiently react to the infectious challenge, while those with a negative balance will mount an inefficient but strong response. According to this, the timing and ...
Food producers usually try to alleviate the undesirable downward pressure on their profits via a number of balancing processes aimed at cost minimization (B8, Figure 7) [70,125–131]. When the profits are negative, many food producers, particularly the small- and medium-scale ones, abandon the...
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