Autoimmune diseases comprise a wide variety of disorders, from those that are acute and spontaneously regressive to chronic diseases. Their occurrence is the sign of a loss of tolerance to self-antigens. With few exceptions, the etiology of autoimmune diseases has not been clearly established. In...
c. They both impair the initiation of ac Which of the following diseases is not an autoimmune disease? a. Multiple sclerosis. b. AIDS. c. Rheumatoid arthritis. d. Myasthenia gravis. Multiple sclerosis (like many CNS disorders) is more descriptive than it is ...
This group of cSVD is characterized by excess immune cell infiltration into the vessel walls (vasculitis) due to systemic and vascular inflammation during infection, autoimmune diseases, and rare immunological diseases [13]. A community-based population study showed that high neutrophil count is associa...
and the latter further affects inflammatory processes.96 These globulin‐like receptors (KIRs) and leucocyte immunoglobulin‐like two genes are involved in the development of AS and other receptors (LILRs), thus acting in the processes related to autoimmune disorders (Fig. 1).83,84 The 3 immunog...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a common type of spondyloarthropathy, is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects spine joints, causing severe, chronic pain; additionally, in more advanced cases, it can cause spine fusion. Significant progress in its pathophysiology and treatment has...
What is the pathophysiology of latent autoimmune diabetes with adult-onset Is diabetes a hereditary disease? What is quiescent proliferative diabetic retinopathy? What are the most common diabetes complications? What are hemorrhages in diabetic retinopathy? How does diabetic ketoacidosis occur? What is de...
In addition to these cytokines, eosinophils are a source of several cationic proteins that also contribute to the immunologic responses against infectious disease agents and to tissue damage in allergic and autoimmune diseases. These cationic proteins include the following: Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP...
However, more research is needed to determine if VDD is the cause or effect of these autoimmune disorders [33], [34]. Patients with IBD often have difficulty absorbing VD, necessitating higher doses of VD to achieve normal serum 25(OH)D levels. This can prevent the development of bone ...
It is reported that a higher level of ficolin is related to autoimmune disorders [40]. There have been reports about complement-associated and prostaglandin-dependent bone metabolism and physiologic remodeling [41], such as axial spondyloarthritis [42]. It is also believed that complement activation...
(SCI) that can, in turn, lead to several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. In...