1.that part of the mouth or lower course of a river in which the river's current meets the sea's tide. 2.an arm or inlet of the sea at the lower end of a river. [1530–40; < Latinaestuāriuminlet, estuary =aestu(s)tide, surge (literally, heat; seeestival) +-ārium-ary] ...
(e.g. barrages,dikes, tide gates) are commonly constructed to preventsaltwater intrusioninto upstreamfreshwater resources, regulate freshwater discharge, limit storm surge for flood defense and to reclaim land for agricultural use (Burt and Rees, 2001), and occasionally, to generate electricity by ...
this process is facilitated by flocculation as freshwater and saltwater mix. Particulate organic matter concentrations decrease with the bulk suspended material (Macdonald and Yu2006; Emmerton
method was used to determine the hydrogeological components of the spring discharge from three possible sources: (1) freshwater from the upper portion of the Upper Floridan aquifer, (2) freshwater from the lower portion of the Upper Floridan aquifer, and (3) saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico...
In particular, we lack understanding of the impact of seasonal freshwater inputs (i.e., seasonal precipitation, shallow subsurface flowpaths, and perched water tables) on hydrologic behavior, and subsequent porewater salinity and vegetation dynamics, in marsh systems. This knowledge is especially ...
Most renewable power technologies are weather dependent. Wind farms can only operate when there's a breeze, and solar power plants rely on sunlight. Researchers at EPFL are working on a method to capture an energy source that's constantly available at ri
Chloride in the form of negative ion is one of the major inorganic anions in saltwater and freshwater. Conductivity in water is affected by the presence of inorganic dissolved solids including chloride, nitrate, sulphate, and phosphates. Total Dissolved Solids refers ...
Nutrient-rich freshwater pulsed into estuaries affects turbidity, water temperature, salinity, and nutrient concentrations and ratios at irregular intervals, creating a highly dynamic habitat. However, the underlying processes that lead to the selective development of cyanoHABs for certain species...
(Hawryshyn2010). As migratory Pacific salmonids adapt from living in freshwater to saltwater (i.e., during smoltification), UV-sensitive cones undergo apoptosis to prevent retinal damage in clearer coastal environments but are later regenerated as mature adults migrate back upstream to natal habitat...
2013. Ecosystem responses of a tidal freshwater marsh expereinceing saltwater intrusion and altered hydrology. Estuaries and Coasts 36: 491–507. CAS Google Scholar Newell, S.Y. 2001. Multiyear patterns of fungal biomass dynamics and productivity within naturally decaying smooth cordgrass shoots. ...