Diagram of the mechanism of action of estrogen in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) MMP2: matrix metalloproteinase 2; MMP9: matrix metalloproteinase 9; NE: neutrophil elastase; HMB-45: melanoma-associated antigens; Hamartin: hamartoma protein; Tuberin: potato globulin Full size image Preclinical investig...
The estrogenicity of LNG may be attributed to its bio-transformation into non-phenolic metabolites. In this study, the ability of A-ring reduced LNG metabolites to activate transcription via an estrogenic mechanism of action, including differences between ERα and ERβ subtypes, were investigated. ...
Mechanism of action of fulvestrant. Fig. 3.20 summarizes the events associated to fully activated transcription by estrogen receptor agonists, partially inactivated transcription by SERMs, and full inactivation by antiestrogens. In the resting state, the estrogen receptor (ER) has a single domain ...
The estrogenicity of LNG may be attributed to its bio-transformation into non-phenolic metabolites. In this study, the ability of A-ring reduced LNG metabolites to activate transcription via an estrogenic mechanism of action, including differences between ERα and ERβ subtypes, were investigated. ...
[19,118], as well as lowered circulatory cytokine levels, including TNFα, IL-1β and IL-10, in OVX rats [119]. In addition, E2 induces the transcriptional activation of Fas ligand via an ER-mediated, NO-dependent mechanism, thereby resulting in the inhibition of leukocyte traffic across ...
the number of women taking hormone replacement therapies (HRT) continues to grow. Thus, knowledge of the mechanism of action of steroid hormones on the OSE and OCa is of paramount significance to HRT risk assessment and to the development of novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of ...
as well as a protective role of the ER-signaling pathway, probably relevant in the observed gender sensitivity to COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2, as well as to other coronaviruses. Studies to clarify the antiviral mechanism of action and the potential therapeutic role of raloxifene are ongoing. Duri...
Fortunately, recent progress has shed some light on the precise mechanism of estrogen action in HCC. Although many aspects are still unknown, the anti-HCC activity of estrogen has been wildly accepted, and its protective effect might be related to its anti-inflammation effect. We thus assume ...
When conjugated with aryl and alkyl groups for parenteral administration, the rate of absorption of oily preparations is slowed with a prolonged duration of action, such that a single intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate or estradiol cypionate is absorbed over several weeks. Distribution The ...
More recently, the RGS protein, RGS9, was found to be downregulated in the nucleus accumbens by long-term estradiol treatment (Sharifi et al., 2004; Silverman and Koenig, 2007), suggesting a novel mechanism for regulation of DA neurotransmission in the brain reward circuitry. Similarly, ...