Phthalate esters have been widely used in industrial nations as plasticizers, in cosmetics, insect repellants, and munitions. Due to the abundance of plastic materials in use, it has been estimated that 51 million pounds of phthalate esters leach into the environment annually. Very little has been...
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers in industrial applications and commercial products, such as textiles, electronics, food packages, and construction materials (Estill et al., 2020, Marklund et al., 2003, Poma et al., 2018). The global consumption ...
However, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) and other phosphorous containing additives have been widely used as anti-wear and/or anti-oxidant additives and simply reducing or removing such components results in lubricants with poor engine performance. The esters of the invention may be useful in ...
Recently, Eudragit acrylic resins have been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a film coating for bitter taste prevention and controlled drug delivery. Since Eudragit acrylic resins have specific dissolution and permeability properties under physiological conditions, and have been used to produce...
(5)phthalicacidester-contaminatedsoilcanberemediedbydegradation,phytoremediation,andadsorption.KeywordsContaminationsource.Distribution.Phthalicacidesters.Remediation.Soilcontamination.Toxicity1IntroductionPhthalicacidesters(Fig.1)areaclassofrefractoryorganicplasticizercompoundsthatarewidelyusedinnumerousprod-ucts,suchasmedical...
Independent producers of alcohol and oleochemicals are also widely distributed. Through a vast distribution network, these independent producers supply raw materials to ester makers. Some of the prominent developments by key companies in this domain are: Company Key Developments Evonik Evonik, a market ...
A large number of studies have shown that phytosterols regulate the blood lipid profile and lower total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Food products containing these plant compounds are widely used as therapeutic dietary options for reducing hypercholesterolemia...
With the gradual phase-out of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) flame retardants, organophosphate esters (OPEs or tri-OPEs) have been widely used as a replacement in a variety of commercial and household products, such as plastics, textiles, electronics, and building materials (Marklund et al...
CALB can also be immobilized in a polymer matrix, on a soluble or insoluble organic support (e.g. NOVOZYM® 435 from Novo Nordisk), or on an insoluble inorganic support which simplifies catalyst recovery for reuse; these immobilization methods have been widely reported and are well-known to ...
Methyl and ethyl acetates are used widely as solvents, primarily for surface coatings. While use of synthesis gas is known as a building block in making a variety of chemicals there is no simple, direct, yet economical route toward production of glycol ester using relatively inexpensive catalysts...