Define equilibrium constant. equilibrium constant synonyms, equilibrium constant pronunciation, equilibrium constant translation, English dictionary definition of equilibrium constant. Noun 1. equilibrium constant - the ratio of concentrations when equil
16.averagable income可计入平均数的收入 17.low per capita income allowance formula低人均收入宽减办法 18.per capita national income按人口平均的国民收入 相关短句/例句 balanced income收入均衡 3)unbalance in income收入不均衡 4)proportionable national income均衡国民收入 5)equilibrium level of income均衡收入...
8-Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets- An Essay on the Economics of Imperfect Information教程.pdf,Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets: An Essay on the Economics of Imperfect Information Author(s): Michael Rothschild and Joseph Stiglitz
He explains the difficulty in giving a general formula for the dimension of indeterminacy, but succeeds in finding one in two polar cases. In section 2 I describe the GE1 model, and in section 3 I describe the GE1 theory of asset pricing. In section 4 I discuss the equilibrium existence...
Therefore, we alter the energy commodity price formula by removing the mark-up:[Math Processing Error]where Pe, t, n+1 is the energy price of energy carrier e, in time t, iteration n + 1, and exogenous input to ThreeME; PGDP, t, n is the GDP price (i.e., inflation correction ...
Figure 5. Defense policy income average and threat value. Figure 6. Comparison of methods. Figure 7. Attack and defense game experiment. Table 1. Meaning of offensive and defensive strategy formula. SymbolContent APF Attack payoff function G The gain an attacker expects from a successful attack ...
Bring Formulas (19) and (20) into Formula (15), and take the first derivative with respect to 𝜃θ, obtaining 𝜃=2𝑎−𝐶𝐴−𝐶𝐵+2𝐶𝑠4θ=2a−CA−CB+2Cs4 (22) In accordance with the value of 𝜃θ, obtain the equilibrium output 𝑞𝑤𝐴∗qAw* and ...
According to the Shannon formula, when the channel gain ℎ𝑛𝑚hnm increases, the channel capacity 𝑐𝑛𝑚cnm will increase to achieve an extremely low delay. Although the payment for the 5G service is high, the significant improvement of quality of service(QoS): utility function 𝑢...
As shown in Formula (3), γ ranges from 0 to 1. We used the value of 0.5. Regardless of whether it is assessed in relation to final or intermediate goods trade, γ means that the spillovers of the global value chain on China can be absorbed and spread to factors in China. Here, fa...
proposed a formula for calculating the psychological cost of travel [28], which involves many factors and requires travel surveys to obtain relevant data. To simplify the problem, quantitative processing was used in this study. 𝛽𝑎𝑖βai is the travel time value coefficient of ith travel ...