As an alternative to the rigorous N-P-based models, several “semi-empirical” models have been developed, based on a mix of mass and energy balance equations, equations linking electrical and physical variables, and some empirical equations, which are able to predict the voltage drop over the...
Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary13,837,845,499visits served TheFreeDictionary Google ? Keyboard Word / Article Starts with Ends with Text EnglishEspañolDeutschFrançaisItalianoالعربية中文简体PolskiPortuguêsNederlandsNorskΕλληνικήРусский...
The quantity Z = p1/υ1, homologous to an electric impedance in the electrical analogy of acoustics (where velocity and pressure are considered to be equivalent respectively to current and voltage), is called the acoustic impedance of the wave. The quantity Z0 = ρ0c0, characteristic of the ...
where, vgd and vgq, are the (d-q) grid voltage components, igd and igq are the grid currents, vld and vlq, are the voltage components at the PCC point, and ω is the grid frequency. Assuming that the quadratic current and voltage of the grid are zero(igq=0andvgq=0), the amount...
That is, the force acts in a direction opposite to the spatial change of potential, similar to an induced current in a coil producing a magnetic field to counter the temporal change of the magnetic field linking the coil. This is an act of conservation of energy; without the minus sign, ...
Bei-Lei Fan, in Applied Energy, 2016 2.4 Solving The governing partial differential equations mentioned above cannot be directly solved in the entire computation domain, so they must be discretized and solved numerically to estimate the value of each variable at specific points in the domain [13,...
limitingvelocityin theuniverse, being an upper bound to thepropagationspeed of signals and to the speeds of all material particles. In the famousrelativityequation,E=mc2, the speed of light (c) serves as a constant of proportionality, linking the formerlydisparateconcepts ofmass(m) and energy (...
In the current TCAD implementation, traps are assumed to be non-interacting in terms of energy transitions and the trap rate equations are local. The extension to locally interacting traps is straightforward, defining mutual trap rates accounting for the carrier exchange among different traps [26]....