The first law of thermodynamics or energy balance for the steady flow process of an open system is given by: ∑Q˙k+m˙hi+Ci22+gZi=m˙ho+Co22+gZo+W˙ where Qk heat transfer to system from source at temperature Tk, and W is the net work developed by the system. The other ...
We study the motion of isentropic gas in a nozzle. Nozzles are used to increase the thrust of engines or to accelerate a flow from subsonic to supersonic. Nozzles are essential parts for jet engines, rocket engines and supersonicwind tunnels. In the present paper, we consider unsteady flow...
The equation for an adiabatic process (Poisson equation) is as follows: p1V1γ=p2V2γwhere γ is the adiabatic rate: γ=CpCv=vi+22Rv12R=i+22,(here v is an amount of substance, i.e., number of moles). From the last equation, it is possible to find i: i =2/(γ –1). ...
An all speed scheme for the Isentropic Euler equations is presented in this paper. When the Mach number tends to zero, the compressible Euler equations converge to their incompressible counterpart, in which the density becomes a constant. Increasing approximation errors and severe stability constraints...
A transport equation based on mass weighted isentropic zonal means applies to the diagnosis for the meridional ozone transport in the troposphere and stratosphere. The mean and eddy ozone fluxes are estimated from the global distributions of the temperature, wind, and ozone. In comparison with the...
aForward discharge coefficients corresponding to Reference Array. The Forward direction is the direction of the linking arrows through the valve connection. The discharge coefficients for valves must be calculated with respect to Valve Reference Diameter (specified above) using the isentropic flow equation...
The numerical simulations also confirm that, over a free-slip surface, the Bernoulli equation holds well for an isentropic flow over a mountain before it reaches high-turbulence regions on the lee side. However, the simulated density is not a constant along a constant Bernoulli line. According ...
We investigate the limiting behavior of the Riemann solution to the isentropic Euler equations for logarithmic equation of state with the Coulomb﹍ike friction term. The formation of vacuum state and delta shock waves are identified and analyzed when the pressure vanishes. Unlike the homogeneous case...
where co is the sound speed, defined by the isentropic bulk modulus of the fluid. Typical values are co = 343 m/s in air and co = 1500 m/s in water. It follows that the density perturbation for a sound level of 140 dB (re 20 μPa) in air is about 1.7 × 10− 3 kg/m3,...
For an ideal gas undergoing an isentropic process, we can write (3.6.3)1ϱedϱedx=-Me2ueduedx. Substituting from that equation into Eq. (3.6.2) and rearranging, we obtain the momentum integral equation of the boundary layer for a two-dimensional compressible flow: (3.6.4)dθdx+θue...