Theoretical or Mathematical/ plasma magnetohydrodynamics/ phase spaceconstant magnetic fieldprobability conservation equationensemble flowguiding centre plasma/ A5230 Plasma flowmagnetohydrodynamicsThe guiding-centre model is used to derive in a 4 N-dimensional space the probability conservation equation for a ...
For example, we can introduce a heterogeneous coding where the code lengths are multiplied by a constant factor \(\lambda > 0\) for the codewords in the inter-module codebook. That is, given a trajectory \({\varvec{\zeta }}\) and a partition \({\varvec{\sigma }}\), Eq. (1) ...
then those waves are stated to be in “Not in Phase”. Here, the phase variation will not be zero. The below image shows the out-of-phase condition for two sinusoidal waves. Whereas in the case of the In-Phase wave, the retardation exists in the format of 1/3, 2/4, 2/5…...
It is an equation for the time evolution of f(r,c,t), the particle distribution function in the phase space. Phase space can be viewed as a space in which coordinates are given by the position and momentum vectors at the time. The distribution function f(r,c,t) gives the probability ...
β= Phase constant, it is the nonexistent segment of the Propagation steady. It gives us the period of the sign along a transmission line, at a steady time. Its unit is radians/metre; however, we frequently convert it to degrees/metre. ...
k is not always a constant but could depend on E. This is particularly an issue at high fields, which is used to good effect in high-field asymmetric-waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). See the SIMION Example: faims documentation for details....
In Fig. 1 we show the results obtained for different values of TG and fixed TR. In the limit TG≫TR, which is typical of solid-state, fiber or gas lasers (provided that the cavity is not extremely long) the gain saturation can be considered constant across the pulse profile and the ...
Maximum Torque Condition for Three-Phase Induction Motor In the equation of torque, The rotor resistance, rotor inductive reactance and synchronous speed of induction motor remain constant. The supply voltage to thethree phase induction motoris usually rated and remains constant, so the stator emf al...
A. I. Komech, “Linear Partial Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients,” in: Yu. V. Egorov, A. I. Komech, and M. A. Shubin, Elements of the Modern Theory of Partial Differential Equations (Springer, Berlin, 1999), pp. 127–260. Google Scholar A. Komech, M. Kunze, and...
For a three-phase flow system, 3 × N coupled nonlinear equations must be solved, including three equations at each grid block for the three mass-balance equations of water, oil, and gas, respectively. The three primary variables selected for each grid block are gas pressure, gas saturation,...