step 3: Introduce these relations in the mass conservation law and average over film thickness. Wall boundary conditions are needed for steps 2 and 3. They influence the resulting Reynolds equation. Conditions of “no slip at the wall” are usually introduced in the model in step 2. To our...
it may be a proper measure of the GQC48; (v) the purity of a state which is complementary with quantum coherence28; (vi) the geometric discord50–54 and measurement-induced nonlocality55,56; (vii) the maximum Bell-inequality violation57, and average fidelity of remote state preparation58 ...
He found that sound fills a reverberant room in such a way that the average energy per unit volume (i.e., the energy density) in any region is nearly the same as in any other region. The amount of reverberation depends on how much sound is absorbed by the walls in each reflection ...
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34-10 Schrödinger equation (1)(2)(3)(4) 物理学是整个自然科学和现代工程技术的基础。英文版大学物理课程的开设,首先是使学生掌握专业所必须的物理基础知识和专业词汇;进而要让学生对物理学的内容和方法、工作语言、概念和物理图像,其历史、现状和前沿等方面,从整
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Thus, the velocity field v is simply the thermodynamic conjugate for the momentum density66. In the active case, however, additional variables can become relevant. An essential parameter for active phase separation in overdamped55 and underdamped27 active fluids is the average of \(\hat{{{\bf{u...
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Eqs. (A.12) and (A.13) can be described as the two forms of the spatial averaging theorem for layered porous media and are used for the derivation of the macroscopic equations. A.3 A new temporal averaging theorem The temporal averaging theorem relates the spatial average of a time deriva...
indicating that the average of the direct stresses, called the mechanical pressure, is equal to the thermodynamic pressure at all times whether there is motion or not. Substituting (2.11.8) into the momentum equation (2.3.12) and assuming that the variations in the inertial forces due to chang...