et al. Histone modifications and lamin A regulate chromatin protein dynamics in early embryonic stem cell differentiation. Nat. Commun. 3, 910 (2012). Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar Adamo, A. et al. LSD1 regulates the balance between self-renewal and differentiation in human embryonic stem...
Epigenetic modificationsinclude a variety of molecular mechanisms such as DNAmethylation,histone modification, and non-coding RNAs that change the expression of a gene without altering itsDNA sequence. Such modifications can persist, via mitosis in a developing organism, or, even via meiosis from one...
Cancer epigenomics: DNA methylomes and histone-modification maps. Nat. Rev. Genet. 8, 286–298 (2007). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Kouzarides, T. Chromatin modifications and their function. Cell 128, 693–705 (2007). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Struhl, K. & Segal, E. Determinants of ...
Epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation and histone tail modifications, represents a defense mechanism to inactivate mobile genetic elements and other types of intrusive DNA (e.g., transgenes), plays a pleiotropic role in eukaryotic cells and organisms (Chinnusamy et al.2013; Zeng and Che...
These epigenetic regulatory mechanisms contribute to the maintenance of distinct chromatin states and cell-type specific gene expression patterns. In this review, we highlight emerging paradigms for epigenetic modifications related to inner ear development, and how epigenetics may have a significant role ...
The epigenetic mechanisms comprise of DNA methylation; post-translational histone code modifications, nucleosome remodeling, alteration in chromatin formation, ncRNA including tRNA, rRNA, micro RNA (miRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snRNA) and long ncRNA (lncRNA) and RNA editing 6 (Fig. 1). Several ep...
(remodeling) emerges as a key process, based on modifications of histones by appropriate enzymes (deacetylases, acetylases, demethylases, methylases, enzymes carrying out ubiquitination) and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. In addition, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs also play an ...
framework for epigenetic reprogramming in humans and an important advance in human biology. Through the generation of abundant mitotic pro-spermatogonia and oogonia-like cells, our results also represent a milestone for human in vitro gametogenesis research and its potential translation into reproductive ...
epigenetic modifications represent possibly related mechanisms that lead to diverse states of drug tolerance2,51,52. A quantitative understanding of the key drivers of such phenotypically consequential epigenetic states at a single-cell level and uncovering how they are linked to signaling networks that ...
The term epigenetics refers to mechanisms that alter gene activity without changing the genetic sequence22. The three fundamental classes of epigenetic mechanisms are DNA modifications, histone modifications and non-coding RNA. The most prevalent and widely researched DNA modification is DNA methylation, ...