A reduction reaction is usually equated with an electron transfer reaction. Now, ultrafast time-resolved serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography has enabled the visualization of the stepwise structural changes that occur after electron transfers have been observed in the light-triggered reduction of flavi...
Enzymes usually have an optimum pH at which they work most efficiently. As the pH diverges from the optimum, enzyme activity decreases. Both acid and alkali environments can denature enzymes. Enzyme activity increases with an increase in substrate concentration as there are more random collisions bet...
The natural product used in making the beverage usually determines the name of the synthetic product. Thus, for instance, wine made with rice—a time-honored tradition in Japan—is known as sake, while a fermented beverage made from barley, hops, or malt sugar has a name very familiar to ...
Isomerase enzymes usually catalyze isomerization reactions. Enzymes generally possess active sites. These are specific regions on the molecule with a conformation that favors the enzyme to bind to a specific substrate (a reactant molecule) to form an enzyme-substrate complex or the reaction ...
True autolysis is where the cells break open and usually takes much longer. To achieve true yeast autolysis within three to eight months - which is the normal lees contact time - a commercial glucanase-containing enzyme like Rapidase Filtration should be used. Autolysis has many advantages for ...
In cancer cells SHMT2-mediated mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism is sufficient to maintain the proliferation of most cells, and SHMT1 is usually mediating the reverse reaction that converts glycine to serine by utilizing a one-carbon unit donated by 5,10-methylene THF. However, if 10-formyl ...
Enzymatic kinetics is usually modeled after fast equilibrium steps (FES). While FES produces the simplest rate expression, pseudosteady-state hypothesis (PSSH) is more general, which puts reaction networks in direct analogy with electric circuits. The Michaelis-Menten rate expression is an asymptote....
? Usually a cleft or depression, (dip), where another molecule (or substrate) can bind. Substrate is sometimes called the reactants, (the starting materials). Random movements bring the substrate into contact with enzyme. ;How enzymes work. ;Substrate fits perfectly into active site and is ...
a logical method of nomenclature has been developed to ensure that each one can be clearly defined and identified. Although enzymes are usually identified using short trivial names, they also have longer systematic names. Furthermore, each type of enzyme has a four-part classification number (EC ...
Enzymatic kinetics is usually modeled after FES (fast-equilibrium steps). While FES produces simplest rate expression, PSSH (pseudosteady state hypothesis) is more general which puts reaction networks in direct analogy with electric circuits. The Michaelis-Menten rate expression is an asymptote. ...