However, smoking still remains the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature deaths in the country. Despite the continuing challenges of implementing tobacco control strategies and the pervasive influence of the tobacco industry to undermine such strategies, there are now unprecedented ...
The presence of other household smokers was not associated with smoking. This suggests that relationship type, not simply number of smokers, may be important.关键词: Prenatal smoking Social network Smoking cessation Partner influence DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.09.001 被引量: 57 ...
Fourth, we did not include other risk factors for hypertension (for example, smoking, alcohol consumption and salt intake), which may have some influence on the modifying effects of BMI on BP. In conclusion, our findings show that genes for obesity explain part of the genetic variation in BP...
Background and aims: Appendicectomy and smoking are environmental factors that are known to influence ulcerative colitis (UC). The phenotype of UC is diffe... THJ Florin,N Pandeya,GL Radford-Smith - Gut 被引量: 335发表: 2004年 Regional acetylcholine turnover rates in the brains of three ...
Several modifiable environmental factors—such as outdoor air pollution, household air pollution, drinking water contamination, occupational exposure to hazardous materials, lead exposure, and built environments that discourage physical activity—influence the risk and experience of chronic disease. The World...
We correlated these to 241 host and environmental factors, including physical and mental health, use of medication, diet, socioeconomic factors and childhood and current exposome. We identify that the microbiome is shaped primarily by the environment and cohabitation. Only around 6.6% of taxa are ...
(ISGlobal) is the first to comprehensively profileenvironmental factorslinked to childhood obesity. The research showed that a higher body mass index (BMI), an estimate of body fat, during childhood is associated with exposure to smoking—both in the womb and while growing up—as well asair ...
Industrialized regions have birth rates so low that their populations cannot be sustained; declines in birth rates are generally ascribed to socioeconomic and cultural factors, although human infertility is widespread. Decreasing fertility rates were already recorded around 1900 in Denmark, a few decades...
Environmental sensitivity Smoking Alcohol Physical activity 1. Introduction It is generally assumed that risk perception and worry about the negative impact of various factors on health are associated with protective behaviours. For example, the Health Belief Model [[1], [2], [3]] states that the...
Moreover it was realized that extrinsic skin aging manifests differently between different populations. Thus, in this review we summarize the influence of the different environmental factors: sun exposure, smoking and air pollution on skin aging and further present ethnic-specific manifestations of ...