The idea of entropy comes from a principle of thermodynamics dealing with energy. It usually refers to the idea that everything in the universe eventually moves from order to disorder, and entropy is the measurement of that change.
For an ideal gas that expands at a constant temperature (meaning that it absorbs heat from the surroundings to compensate for the work it does during the expansion), the increase in entropy is given by (2-4) (If the gas is allowed to cool during the expansion, the relation becomes ...
Let us interpret the meaning of each of the terms in this equation. The term on the left represents the rate of change of the entropy contained in the CV. Term (1) on the right is the entropy flux as a consequence of the heat exchanged. Term (2) represents the rate of entropy excha...
In the case of an adiabatic and closed system, there is no heat exchange through its boundaries, meaning that the entropy transfer is also zero, so that according to Eq. (2.20) we have (2.22)S2−S1=Sg>0 An isolated system is certainly adiabatic, so we can affirm that when an isolate...
In particular, it is shown that C α (ρ(γ)) for α → 1 corresponds to the coherence based on the relative entropy defined by R(ρ(γ)) = S(I \(\circ \) ρ(γ)) − S(ρ(γ)) with \(\circ \) meaning the Hadamard product of matrices and C 1/2(ρ...
thus hindering the interpretation of purely sensory effects on boredom. In the Boredom Choice Task we intentionally excluded stimuli with intrinsic affective meaning and performance-dependent rewards in order to maximize the impact of mere sensory features to choice behavior. In addition, as the task ...
survey with 28 undergraduates majoring in English to assess the difficulty of the texts on a five-point scale, with “1” meaning “very simple” and “5” meaning “very difficult”. The mean ratings of news, legal, poetic, and advertising texts were 1.61, 2.32, 2.61, and 1.64, ...
Shannon entropy is considered with a given system’s statistical properties and the correlation between the states of two systems independently of their meaning or their semantic content. From: Compressed Sensing in Li-Fi and Wi-Fi Networks, 2017 ...
The meaning of extended performance criteria is that, the purpose of the work in [27,28] is to extend the performance evaluation criteria equations discussed previously in [26] including the effect of fluid temperature variation along the length of a tubular heat exchanger and to add new ...
The German physicist and mathematician Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (1822–1888) introduced the concept of entropy in 1865 [1,2], along rather abstract lines in fact. He coined the word from the Greek 𝜏𝜌𝑜𝜋𝜂 (𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒̲), meaning transformation, turning, change. ...