A control apparatus for an internal-combustion engine includes a diagnosis device. The diagnosis device includes a determination section and an exhaust flow rate calculator configured to calculate an exhaust flow rate that reflects a volume flow amount of exhaust gas. A filter is configured to ...
ln[x] = natural logarithm of x, the "ln" key on your calculator Example Suppose that the Polaris has a 1st generation Gaseous Core Fission drive. Exhaust velocity of 35,000 m/s (see table in engine list). Let's try a mass ratio of 2 (50% propellant). 35,000 * ln[2] = 24,...
Regardless, its increases back-pressure in the exhaust manifold and reduces engine efficiency, despite increasing power. Back-pressure is the obstruction to free flow of the exhaust gases through the tailpipe. Its magnitude depends on a complex interaction of RPM, throttle setting, ambient pressure,...
Especially, in the case of the continuous regeneration type filter, particulates tend to be partially burnt, which would lead to non-uniform accumulation of particulates, and further adversely affect relationship between the flow rate of exhaust gas, the pressure loss and the amount of accumulated ...
to develop a fluid drive effect on the power turbine 3. The exhaust from the power turbine 3 is conducted into the heat exchanger 6, in which heat is transferred therefrom to the air passing the heat exchanger to the combustion chamber 7, and hence through a muffler 10 to the atmosphere....
The particle number size distribution between 6 and 575 nm diameter was measured at 1 Hz with a TSI Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS; Model 3090). Particles are drawn into the EEPS at 10 l min−1flow rate and are given a positive charge via corona charging before entering a...
The engine is physically the same in all conditions (RPM, load etc), same cylinder head port size, same exhaust size, same turbo size, same inlet size, you get the idea. Therefore when we alter the airflow rate through an engine we are changing thespeedthe air is passing through the ...
On most factory exhausts you should find that the exhaust flow rate is still good even on modest power gains, but when you start pushing up the power levels you will need to get a better flowing exhaust.Sports exhausts will certainly help air flow out of the engine but avoid an exhaust ...
On most factory exhausts you should find that your flow rate is ok even on modest power gains, but when you start pushing up the power levels you will need to get a better flowing exhaust. Sports exhausts generally help improve air flow from the engine but do not go too big or you cou...
(only one is illustrated for the sake of simplicity in explanation), an intake pipe or manifold 3, a throttle valve 4 in the intake manifold 3, an injector 5 for each cylinder 1a for injecting fuel thereto, an intake valve 6 for each cylinder 1a, an exhaust manifold 7, an exhaust ...