The excitation energy of the donor is transferred to the acceptor through a dipole–dipole coupling interaction that is distance dependent. The FRET efficiency, E, is given by the equation: (15.1)E=11+R/R06. where R is the distance between the donor and the acceptor fluorophores. R0, known...
The fitted thermal diffusion kinetic equation from real-time infrared thermal imaging technology reveals the zeolite skeleton assisted thermal conduction mechanism of internal lattice vibration. Additionally, the nearly twofold improved conductivity of the modified HTM film is benefited from Na+ hopping on ...
This equation shows that energy transfer efficiency is strongly dependent on distance when the D-A separation is near R0, as shown in FIGURE 2-10. The efficiency quickly increases to 1.0 as the D-A separation decreases below R0. For instance, if r = 0.5 R0 the energy transfer efficiency ...
Activity measurements and KMdetermination using detergent solubilized enzyme In a first set of experiments, we determined the apparent KMof NADPH and NAD+during the reverse reaction under Michaelis–Menten conditions according to the following equation: $${NAD}^{+}+NADPH+ {H}_{in}^{+} \to NAD...
Transfer of both chirality and energy information plays an important role in biological systems. Here we show a chiral donor π-gelator and assembled it with an achiral π-acceptor to see how chirality and energy can be transferred in a composite donor–
International Journal of Quantum ChemistryGlushkov AV, Malinovskaya SV, Khetselius OYu, Loboda AV, Sukharev DE, Lovett L. Green's function method in quantum chemistry: New numerical algorithm for the Dirac equation with complex energy and Fermi-model nuclear potential . International Journal of ...
Smart Cities and Urban ManagementG2: Phase Change Materials for Energy StorageH: Geo-EnergyH1: Petroleum EngineeringH2: GeothermalH3: FossilI: Energy Fundamentals and ConversionI1: FuelI2: Energy and Combustion ScienceI3: Energy ChemistryJ: Thermal ManagementJ1: Heat and Mass TransferJ2: Thermodynami...
In this case, the knowledge of latent heat is compulsory for the complete dryness of the biomass, as described in Equation (3). 𝑞=𝑚·ΔH𝑣q=m·ΔHv (3) where q is the heat energy necessary for vaporization, and ΔHv and m are the heat of vaporization in kJ/kg and ...
Extraction kinetics can be explained using the Arrhenius equation. An explanation provided by Cooney is as follows. Solvent extraction of bio-oils from biomass is a process whereby the target analyte is transferred from one phase (e.g., a solid phase in the case of dried biomass and an aqueo...
Energy - Introduction You must have come across the term energy quite often while studying any branch of science. And even without much scientific information, you must have an understanding of what energy is. A person without scientific information may