Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of the cell - the molecule is obtained during respiration and transfers energy from food to all processes in the cell. Thanks to the processes on the respiratory chain, adenosine diphosphate is turned into the energy-rich ATP. To do this, pr...
carbon molecule, glycerol, and fatty acids that help build pyruvate and acetyl-CoA molecules. Both anabolism and catabolism pathways are regulated by several hormones (glucagon,glucocorticoids, insulin, and growth hormone)[3]. Sign in to download hi-res image...
Rather than burning all their energy in one large reaction, cells release the energy stored in their food molecules through a series of oxidation reactions. Oxidation describes a type of chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred from one molecule to another, changing the composition and ...
Catalytic hydrogenolysis of aromatic ether bonds is a highly promising strategy for upgrading lignin into small-molecule chemicals, which relies on developing innovative heterogeneous catalysts with high activity. Herein, we designed porous zirconium phosphate nanosheet-supported Ru nanocatalysts (Ru/ ZrPsheet...
Energy metabolism is the process of generating energy (ATP) from nutrients. Metabolism comprises a series of interconnected pathways that can function in the presence or absence of oxygen. Aerobic metabolism converts one glucose molecule into 30-32 ATP molecules. Fermentation or anaerobic metabolism is...
Therefore, we have explored its conformational energy landscape as a function of Mg2+ and SAM ligand concentrations using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) microscopy and hidden Markov modeling analysis. We resolved four conformational states both in the presence and the ...
Boosting thin-film perovskite solar cell efficiency through vacuum-deposited sub-nanometer small-molecule electron interfacial layers Wei-Hung Lee, Chien-Yu Chen, Chia-Shuo Li, Sheng-Yi Hsiao, ... Hao-Wu Lin Pages 66-71 Article preview select article Hierarchical Fe-doped NiOx nanotubes assembled...
This suggests that simul-taneous fluorination of anion and cation in the ionic liquid molecule is of crucial importance to amelio-rate interfacial contact through chemical linker. The interface modification approach enables the realization of interfacial defect passivation, interfacial energy band alignment ...
Figure 1.(a) The structure of crystalline silicon solar cell, the typical solar cell in use today. The bulk of the cell is formed by a thick p-type base in which most of the incident light is absorbed and most power is generated. After light absorption, the minority carriers (electrons...
The conventional approach with applying self-assembled monolayer suffers from limited interface coverage and weaker dipole interactions. Here, authors employ ferroelectric molecule to construct a dipole layer, achieving certified efficiency of 25.36% for inverted perovskite solar cells. ...