Reducing fossil fuel emissions, including methane.While fossil fuels are still in use, the industry should work to deliver products with the lowest energy intensity possible. Key levers to reduce emissions include carbon capture, use and storage; reduced flaring and venting; and electrification of op...
The intensity of this plastic localization is such that accelerated cavitation is expected to develop upstream of the crack tip to give a rupture surface with a morphology of small ductile cavities which are joined by the crack tip. This mechanism is coherent with the influence of surface energy...
Carbon intensity of global crude oil trading and market policy implications Dixit et al. trace emissions from the extraction and transport of oil. They quantify emissions variability among crude blends and suggest how this variability could be used to further reduce emissions under scenarios for reduce...
The combination of these policies could, according to our empirical analysis, lead to an increase in energy intensity with a corresponding increase in emissions. Therefore, in parallel with the empirically tested dominance of the “neutrality hypothesis” for the relationship between energy consumption ...
As the treatment intensity increased, the surface oxygen concentration increased to about 14–17%. The surface energy of PE increased from 33 to about 58 mJ/m2 as the surface oxygen concentration increased to about 14%. Once again, these measurements were compared to the values estimated from ...
(2020a). Nexus between urbanization, emission, openness, and energy intensity: Panel study across income groups. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(19), 24253–24271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08676-6 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Naqvi, S. A. A., Shah, S. ...
While the aggregate energy intensities of different nations are declining and converging over time, there are still significant differences between countries (Table2) [85]. The aggregate energy intensity of the United States is approximately 48% higher than the European Union, 5% higher than the Wor...
As an indicator of this success, recent BAU forecasts have incorporated expectations of greater energy efficiency. For example, the EIA's 20-year consumption forecast shows a 5-percent improvement in commercial energy intensity and 10-percent improvement in residential energy intensity compared...
Motivation is the intensity of goal-directed behavior42,80,81. Generally, highly motivated individuals possess higher persistence to achieve their goals. Therefore, an athlete with higher motivation to perform well would persist longer in training to perform his best even when facing adversity70,82....
The Gibbs free energy released during the mixing of river and sea water has been illustrated as a promising source of clean and renewable energy. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is one major strategy to gain electrical power from this natural salinity, and