In three out of the four scenarios, major crises played a turning point. We should continue on a path towards renewable energy now, but the way we respond to disasters in the coming years may play the biggest part in deciding our future....
Energy scenariosInternational tradeShippingEnergy policyEnergy tradeLow-carbonAbout half of the world's oil supply, a fifth of coal supply and a tenth of natural gas supply are traded by ship. Accordingly, any significant shift in the size and shape of the global energy system has important ...
Population dynamics has been acknowledged as a key concern for projecting future emissions, partly because of the huge uncertainties related to human behaviour. However, the heterogeneous shifts of human behaviour in the process of demographic transition
Population dynamics has been acknowledged as a key concern for projecting future emissions, partly because of the huge uncertainties related to human behaviour. However, the heterogeneous shifts of human behaviour in the process of demographic transition are not well explored when scrutinizing the impacts...
This, combined with the constraints facing renewables build-out and growing energy demand, means renewables alone are not currently projected to be sufficient to meet the world’s future energy needs in all our bottom-up scenarios. Fossil fuels, including oil, natural gas, and coal, are ...
“About the Global Energy Perspective 2023”). These wide-ranging scenarios sketch a range of outcomes based on varying underlying assumptions—for example, about the pace of technological progress and the level of policy enforcement. They are shaped by more than 400 drivers...
Future hydrogen economies imply environmental trade-offs and a supply-demand mismatch Future hydrogen economies need massive amounts of low-carbon hydrogen. Here, we show that mismatches between economic production and supply locations, water scarcity, and the need for renewable power and materials mi...
SCENARIOS 4 | Energy Perspectives 2023 The scenarios Energy Perspectives presents two The scenarios start from the world as it is today, where the energy transition has begun but has yet scenarios for global development and to accelerate to the speed required to achieve the future global energy ...
“About the Global Energy Perspective 2023”). These wide-ranging scenarios sketch a range of outcomes based on varying underlying assumptions—for example, about the pace of technological progress and the level of policy enforcement. The scenarios are shaped by more than ...
. Hydrogen shipping could be expedited by converting hydrogen to synfuels (such as ammonia or methanol) at export hubs. Liquid hydrogen shipment could be one way to enable the global hydrogen trade after 2030, potentially increasing to approximately 20 Mtpa traded in 2050 in the faster scenari...