advantages of renewable energy systems may be to evaluate the pureenergy ratioof the system. The term “energy ratio” is used to characterize relations between the energy input and output. Energy ratio is a ratio between the energy output and energy input according to the following equation; ...
This equation may be referred to as Faradic efficiency in which the reversible cell potential is divided by the actual cell potential (summation of reversible cell potential and polarizations). The energy efficiency of electrolyzers can also be defined in terms of the heating value of the produced...
Based on Reynoldês differential equation together with a subsequent energy equation, a model has been developed that takes account of the [...] johncrane.co.uk 基于Reynold微分方程和相应的能量方程 得到 的模型,同时考虑到了的新注入的油质和留在滑动面上的油质的混合。 johncrane.co.uk...
Equation (2) states that the probability of choosing alternative \({x}_{i}\) is equal to the probability that the stochastic part of alternative \(j\)-th is less than the utility of the alternative \(i\)-th, minus the observable part of the alternative \(j\)-th (Louviere et al....
Climate change could significantly affect consumer demand for energy in buildings, as changing temperatures may alter heating and cooling loads. Warming climates could also lead to the increased adoption and use of cooling technologies in buildings. We a
The term \(\delta _i\left( n \right) X_j\left( n \right)\) in equation (6) becomes positive if both error δi(n) and input Xj(n) are positive or it becomes negative for the opposite sign if both δi(n) and Xj(n) are negative . Hence, one can describe this by an XNOR...
7.1 Total energy efficiency of interrupted SUs In this paper, we formulate the joint performance of interrupted SUs as the total energy efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the sum rate and total power consumption of the interrupted SUs [20, 21], i.e., ηtot=RtotPtot (26) ...
1For simplicity we ignored the output of other commodities which are produced as by-products. Taking the by-products into account would improve the ratio of energy consumed relative to the value of the minerals mined. However, despite this having a positive effect for the pr...
An energy rate balance equation is described below for each plant device. 1.28.7.1.1.1 Air compressor Air at ambient pressure and a temperature T1 enters the compressor. The compressor outlet temperature is a function of compressor isentropic efficiency (ηAC), compressor pressure ratio (rAC) and...
The energy performance of energy systems is a general concept that refers to the efficiency and the cost of the energy system as well as the renewable energy ratio attained and the emission caused. From:Building and Environment,2017 About this page ...