Highlights • Solutions to the multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) in theEMMS model. • Mathematical and physical meanings of the stability condition in theEMMS model. • Regime transitions corresponding to the solutions of the MOP. ...
Thepotential energyof a configuration of nuclei with their electrons may be represented as a point on anf-dimensional surface in anf+1-dimensional space, wherefis the number of independent variables required to specify the relative positions of all nuclei. For a diatomic molecule (like H2or HF)...
inverse problemsmodified equivalent analysisexplicit finite difference schemesdiffusion processesenergy overspecificationimplicit techniquesAn inverse problem concerning the two-dimensional diffusion equation with source control parameter is considered. Four finite-difference schemes are presented for identifying the ...
Properties of many magnetic materials consisting of dipoles depend crucially on the nature of the dipole–dipole interaction. In the present work, we study systems of magnetic dipoles where the dipoles are arranged on various types of one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional lattices. I...
aDespite a great deal of effort by many mathematicians and physicists, the question of whether the solution of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations can develop a finite-time singularity from a smooth initial condition with finite energy remains one of the most outstanding open problems 尽管...
and earth-abundant Li-intercalation cathodes. Indeed, LiMn2O4spinels were used in early batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) but suffered from rather low energy density and stability problems1,2,3,4. In today’s EV batteries, Mn is used as an inactive element in the Li(Ni,Mn,Co)O2(NMC...
other parameters need not be considered. A good-performing fuel is generally one that achieves a high ignition mass flux with a low maximum temperature to avoid slag problems due to ash melting [30], which hampers the diffusion of the species and reduces the energy of the bed. However, the...
(e.g., when all sensors belong to the same energy replenishment class,L=1), this process may be reformulated as one-dimensional birth-death process, or as anL-dimensional process forL>1. Basing on such process, we introduce aMarkov process-driven fluid queue modelof energy level evolution,...
Two-dimensional coherent interface with nearest-neighbor broken bonds. In a general crystal structure, let zS be the number of bonds across the interface counted per atom and let nS be the number of surface atoms per unit area within the surface plane. Accordingly, we have (6.23)EAAbroken=...
Some parts of the framework for this are already in place [16], [57], but many challenges remain, hence this paper has restricted itself to two-dimensional problems. Efficient integration is a challenge that restricts the effectiveness of all these applications, but much work is being done to...