ID No.Compound (Formula)Compound StructureCompound Density (g/cm3)aUpgrading and Potential Fuel Applications 3Pinene (C10H16)0.86bSelective dimerization. Potential as high-energy diesel, jet, and tactical fuels. 14Longifolene (C15H24)0.93Reduction for possible high-energy jet fuel blends. Viscosity ...
1.3.4 Density of States in Near-Field Radiation After calculating the spectral heat flux, the next objective is to calculate the spectral energy density in the vacuum gap during near-field heat transfer between two parallel surfaces. The spectral energy density in the vacuum space between the two...
energy flux densityThe ultra wide band electromagnetic (UWBEM) exploration method is introduced in this paper. The characteristic of the electromagnetic wave propagation radiated by a circular disk antenna is theoretically analyzed, the formulae of the electromagnetic field and the average pointing ...
In principle, a reversible phase transition between antiferroelectric (AFE) and ferroelectric (FE) phases can be induced by an application of electric field (E) and provides a large recoverable energy density. However, an irreversible phase transition from the AFE to the FE phase usually takes ...
Iron fluoride, an intercalation-conversion cathode for lithium ion batteries, promises a high theoretical energy density of 1922 Wh kg–1. However, poor electrochemical reversibility due to repeated breaking/reformation of metal fluoride bonds pose
Energy cost of preparing a specific dishWe researched recipes for each potential dish of a Christmas dinner and extracted the cooking type and time. To calculate the number of kW used as well as the cost, we used the formula: (kW per minute per specific appliance x number of minutes used...
physicists Hagen and Rubens found that the heat emission from bulk metals described by their emissivity,ε, correlates strongly with their conductivity,σ, i.e., with the concentration of free electrons [11]. Based on the Drude model, they derived a formula to connect conductivityσand emissivity...
Firstly, a systematic analysis of various parameters (sulfur loading, electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio, discharge capacity, discharge voltage, Li excess percentage, sulfur content, etc.) that influence the gravimetric energy density, volumetric energy density and cost is investigated. Through comparing ...
density (Wrec) exceeding 7 J cm−3. This study introduces a novel approach to attain ceramic capacitors with high ESP under moderate electric fields by regulating permittivity based on a linear dielectric model, enhancing insulation quality, and engineering domain structures through chemical formula ...
On this basis, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science added an electrolyzer, designed a regenerative fuel cell with energy density as high as 500 Wh/kg, whose energy storage weight is >6.7 tons. Solar cells greatly increase the cost of transportation and have great limitations. Some ...