How does spleen remove encapsulated bacteria? The spleen contains manymacrophages(part of the reticuloendothelial system), which are immune cells that phagocytose (eat) and destroy bacteria. In particular, these macrophages are activated when bacteria are bound by IgG antibodies (IgG1 or IgG3) or...
This study investigated whether the spleen volume could predict the prognosis of patients with bacteremia caused by encapsulated organisms.#This was a single-center, retrospective observational study at Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Twenty patients with encapsulated bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae,...
A similar trend was observed for both bacteria in SIF (Fig. 2B). The strong electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding between the phosphate groups in SP and the amino groups in CS may prevent the diffusion of H+ ions and bile salts into the cell wall and membrane. Thus, (CS/SP)2...
the gastrointestinal tract and competition from other bacteria resulted in a significant decrease in the activity of probiotics. In addition, the rapid gastrointestinal (GI) transit time also makes it difficult for probiotics to remain and colonize in the intestine [16,17,18]. These factors make i...
PDA/Cu bioactive hydrogel with "hot ions effect" for inhibition of drug-resistant bacteria and enhancement of infectious skin wound healing ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 12 (28) (2020), pp. 31255-31269, 10.1021/acsami.0c08890 View in ScopusGoogle Scholar [34] M. Sharifiaghdam, E. Shaaban...
bifidum further augments the total IgA production in the culture of both MLN and spleen cells. Finally, we found that the immuno-stimulating activity of B. bifidum is due to its cellular components but not due to any actively secreting component(s) from bacteria....
Live bacteria were also occasionally recovered from the cervical lymph nodes (17%) and Peyer's patches (8%), but not from homogenates of the lungs or spleen. Strong Mycobacterium-specific IFN-gamma production was recorded among isolated splenocytes, but not among populations of mononuclear ...
monocytogenes within murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro it was found that liposomal encapsulation of ampicillin resulted in an increased availability of the antibiotic for the intracellular bacteria: liposomal ampicillin killed 90% of the intracellular bacteria, whereas a similar concentration of free ...
monocytogenes in vitro to MTPPE had no effect, whereas exposure to IFN- y only led to growth inhibition of the intracellular bacteria. However, incubation of macrophages with a combination of MTPPE and IFN- y resulted in killing of the intracellular bacteria. Exposure of macrophages in vivo to...
AR-12 has been evaluated in clinical trials as an anti-cancer agent but also has demonstrated host-directed, broad-spectrum clearance of bacteria. We have previously shown that AR-12 has activity in vitro against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Francisella species by inducing autophagy ...