ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III | Umayyad Caliph, Emir of Córdoba...
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III was the first caliph and greatest ruler of the Umayyad Arab Muslim dynasty of Spain. He reigned as hereditary emir (“prince”) of Córdoba from October 912 and took the title of caliph in 929. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān succeeded hi