这是“隐含碳”定义.The embodied carbon (energy) of a material or product is usually enpasses: - Extraction of raw materials (e.g. clay, sand,limestone, aggregates and metal ores), and associated transport.Processing raw materials into products (e.g. limestone into cement, metal ...
Since concrete is the most abundant human-made material in the world, cement production creates an estimated~7% of the world’s CO2emissionsand is the largest contributor to embodied carbon in the built environment. Tackling Embodied Carbon Embodied carbon is expected to account for nearly 50% of...
This paper has elaborated both conception and implication of embodied carbon, and also calculated the amount of carbon embodied in cement exported from China in 2006 based on real situation of China's export trade. The calculation results have revealed the fact that over ten million tons of CO2...
Presently, a new lifestyle called low carbon life is spreading every corner of our country. The concepts of low carbon are low energy and no waste. It is such a significant project that I can’t wait to present my ideas on how to promote it. On the first place, a no-car day is ...
The results confirmed that compressive and tensile strengths augmented by 19.40% and 16.67%, at 10% cement replacement by wheat straw ash at 90 days, respectively. Besides, the workability, water absorption, dry density, and embodied carbon were decreased as the quantity of WSA increased with ...
However, the transfer of pollutants embodied in trade and the differences in environmental costs between China and the US have not been widely recognized. In this study, we quantify the embodied carbon emissions (the “virtual” emissions associated with trade and consumption) in China-US trade ...
Embodied carbon is critical to understanding the overall environmental impact of ubiquitous building materials like cement, aluminum, steel and glass. Accurately estimating embodied carbon in the design stage is critical for a project'ssustainability. All architects, builders, contractors and construction ...
In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output (MRIO) analysis is used to ident
of economic value amount to 0.92 kg/$ (RMB: USD=6.8:1), but for US products exported to China, the carbon emissions embodied in one unit of economic value amount to 0.53 kg/$, which means China will incur environmental costs that are 74% higher than those of the US while enjoying ...
Yet emissions embodied in the international supply chains of MNEs are poorly known. Here we trace the carbon footprints of foreign affiliates of MNEs and show that the gross volume of global carbon transfer through investment peaked in 2011, mainly driven by the decline in carbon intensity. ...