Reaction conditions for improved dimer yields in the Kolbe-electrolysis of β,γ-unsaturated carboxylic acids are examined. With vinylacetic acid ( 1) the passivation could not be lowered by decreasing neutralization, changing the anode from platinum to graphite and the solvent to methanol: pyridine...
This represents the first detailed study of the behavior of α-halocarboxylic acids during Kolbe electrolysis.Under the experimental conditions, Kolbe dimer of the α-bromoacid is not produced, even in small amounts, in either solvent. In methanol, hydrogen ester and bromoester were the major ...
A feature of the sodium chloride electrolysis industry is to produce chlorine and caustic soda, i.e., chlor-alkali, in parallel. In an electrolyzer for producing chlor-alkali, double-layer membranes consisting of sulfonic acid groups and carboxylic acid groups are developed to prevent back migratio...
A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) reactor is described for use in Kolbe electrolysis: the anodic oxidation of an alkyl carboxylic acid with subsequent decarboxylation and coupling to yield a dimer, 2RCOOH R-R + 2CO + 2e + 2H{sup +}. Platinized Nafion 117 is the PEM and functions simult...
1. A method for preparing perfluoropolyether oligomers comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a solution of perfluorocarboxylic acid salts or mixtures thereof in an aqueous methanol solvent; (b) electrolyzing the solution under controlled conditions to accomplish reduced gel formation and yields in ...
In an undivided cell the concentration of the carboxylate remains constant until near the end of the electrolysis, because when the carboxylate is converted at the anode it is continously regenerated from the carboxylic acid by the base formed at the cathode. The endpoint of the electrolysis is ...
N-Alkylated carboxylic acid amides of formula (where R1 = H, 1-6C alkyl or 6-10C aryl; R2 = H, or 2-6C alkyl; or R1 and R2 are bound together through a 2-6C alkylene gp. or a 2-6C alkyl substd. alkylene gp. with 1-4C alkyl gps. R3 = H or 1-6C alkyl) are alkoxylated...
wherein at least one electrode is subject to a wiping action whilst immersed in the electrolyte, thus providing reduced susceptibility to an inadequate rate of diffusion of a product of the electrolysis away from an electrode surface, and/or of a reactant from the electrolyte to that surface, ...
Hydrodecarboxylation of Carboxylic and Malonic Acid Derivatives via Organic Photoredox Catalysis: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Insight applied to the direct double decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives, which allows for the convenient use of dimethyl malonate as a methylene synthon. Ki... JD Grif...
A reinforced ion exchange membrane which comprises fluorinated polymer which has carboxylic functional groups, which has a hydrogen bubble release layer on... TC Bissot,S Li - US 被引量: 153发表: 1985年 Study of iron slag micro-electrolysis process for the treatment of pesticide wastewater Iron...