The free charge portion produces the electric Field F and the electric flux density of εoF, while the bound charge portion produces polarization P. + and – denote the free positive and negative charges, respectively, and ⊞ and ⊟ denote the bound positive and negative charges, ...
ω (s−1)– angular frequency; ε0 (F m−1)– vacuum permittivity; β (m−1)– wave number (β=2πλ−1); A (m2)– cross section area of electron flux; R (Ω) – resistance. It expresses the relative efficiency of the electron flow and the electric field wave. Communicati...
A current carrying conductor present in a uniform magnetic field of flux density B, would produce a force to the conductor/wire. Dependent upon the direction of the surrounding magnetic field, the force induced is given by: 2. The direction of the force is given by the left-hand rule. ...
1b. The flux-tunable qubit uses a submicron-sized Al/AlOx/Al tunnel junction made by shadow evaporation as described in detail in ref. 28. The electric field for TLS tuning is generated by a DC-electrode installed on the lid of the sample housing ≈0.9mm above the qubit chip’s ...
\(\Delta G\) and B are the normalised magneto-conductance and the magnetic flux density, respectively. c The sample system whose magneto-conductance is shown in a. d The absolute difference image between the original image (inset) and the output deciphered image shown in b. e, f, g ...
PURPOSE: To provide an electric car reactor device capable of inhibiting the amount of leaking flux which spreads over the floor of an electric car without installing a magnetic shield board. ;CONSTITUTION: This device comprises a main reactor 4 and a flux cancel reactor 2. The flux cancel rea...
currents; induced electric fields and currents may also be induced by movement in a static magnetic field, where motion along a field gradient or rotational motion, either in a uniform field or in a field gradient, will result in the change of magnetic flux thereby inducing an electric current...
The functional principle of a Hall effect sensor is, as shown in Figure 3.14, that the output voltage of the sensor and the switching state, respectively, depend on the magnetic flux density through the Hall effect plate. Sign in to download full-size image Figure 3.14. The functional ...
For quasi-static actuation, the balance of forces and Gauss’s flux theorem are given by [Math Processing Error] (1) where σij is the Cauchy stress tensor, [Math Processing Error] is the Maxwell stress tensor, Di is electric displacement, and q is the density of free charges. The ...
provides the requisite vertical flux above the center of the marker. In some applications of the invention it may be desirable to use an electromagnet rather than a permanent magnet and to control the electromagnet so that it is energized in response to selected conditions, such as in response ...