carbon monoxide, particulates, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide tend to be produced by inefficient or incomplete combustion. Efficient
As a result, incomplete combustion produces an enormous amount of needless intermediate components, primarily soot, which increases the opacity of the smoke. In a partial PCCI situation, the air–vapor mixture is lean without additional fuel over much of the combustion chamber. Because there is ...