This paper investigates empirically the reasons behind the popularity of fixed adjustable pegs in the Middle East North Africa region (MENA). We have used an ordered multinomial random effects probit model for explaining the nature of exchange rate regime according to the official (de jure) and ...
Effects of Monetary Policy in a Fixed Exchange Rate Regime: Tranquil and Turbulent Statesdoi:10.2139/ssrn.3492967Monetary PolicyFixed Exchange RateJumpsBayesian VARThis paper evaluates monetary policy effects in a fixed exchange rate regime. A fixed exchange rate regime sometimes suffers from turbulence,...
a1. Using the Mundell-Fleming model, analyse the effects of (1) a monetary policy contraction and (2) a fiscal policy contraction, under (a) a flexible exchange regime and (b) a fixed exchange rate regime. What conclusions can you draw regarding the effectiveness of these alternative polic...
Journal of International EconomicsGlick, Reuven,and Clas Wihlborg.Real Exchange Rate Effects of Monetary Shocks under Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates.Journal of International Economics. 1990Glick, R. and Wihlborg, C. (1990) Real exchange rate effects of monetary shocks under fixed and flexible ...
on EI trait aspect because intelligence is generally considered a fixed attribute (Dweck et al.,1995). As an important personality trait, EI refers to the self-perception of a series of emotional skills that are measured through self-reporting (Petrides,2011). It can help individuals detect ...
The addition of year fixed effects control for the level effect of the global financial trends. The identification can therefore be interpreted as a difference-in-difference approach: after controlling for the lev- els, the IV's coefficient indicates how global financial trends affects the ...
(2000) did not specify or test particular display rules in their study, which is a goal in our research (see section “Self-regulation of pride in cultural context”). Gross et al. (2000) called their main effect hypothesis, the fixed modulation model. Here emotional expressivity was said ...
Inflation: Inflation refers to the increase in the prices of essential services and goods in the economy. It erodes the purchasing power of money hence negatively affecting the economic progress of a country. For instance, a currency buys a lesser amount of goods as compared to...
The former communist regimes rewarded those close to them and punished dissidents and individuals perceived as threatening the regime or its ideology. In between the group of privileged elites and enemies of the people were the informers recruited to provide information on particular individuals or gro...
To determine the base-period capital stock, the average growth rate of fixed asset investment over the five-year period centered around 2003 (i.e., 1998–2008) is used as "g" in Eq. (4), facilitating the calculation of capital stock for each metropolitan area. Presently, the employment ...