, values obtained for these substrates encompass the equilibrium constant for carbanion formation and the rate constant for ejection of the leaving group. The effect of the leaving group on the equilibrium constant, assessed from a Taft ... Donald,R.,Marshall,... - 《Journal of the Chemical ...
the high enough effective acceleration is required to result in high enough temperature, and the long enough conformal evolution time Δτ of the detector is also needed to accumulate more effects on the detector (i.e., to thermalize the detector or to achieve the thermal equilibrium between the...
Important remaining questions are: what is the time scale of such energy transfer from the DW motion to the electron bath? what is the impact of the electron-phonon coupling and thermal diffusion on the temperature dynamics? To answer these questions, we explore the non-equilibrium (non steady...
1b. The mechanism is based on the injection of spin-polarized quasiparticle current into the superconductor by applying the voltage through the spin-filtering ferromagnetic electrodes with polarization P. The resulting spin-dependent voltage Vs generates the spatially-inhomogeneous non-equilibrium spin ...
In fact, there are several other mechanisms of temperature influence on the resulting magnetization of the magnetic fluid. One of the most significant models is the Langevin model which takes into consideration the role of the thermal fluctuations of the magnetic moments of the particles. The ...
Therefore, the system experiences a sudden jump from one equilibrium to another equilibrium, where the nature of equilibrium could vary between stable and unstable. The limit point (LP) is also another type of bifurcation point found in the system. It is also a co-dimension two bifurcation, ...
the 1.7 assigned byIPCCtoCO2is from the idea: let us have a planet, let us add someCO2, see if the temp. goes up, it did, so that must be it. And some viking who lived 100 years ago and whose calculations have been proven wrong. If he was right, earth should have been a lot...
by the climate system is fromthe atmosphere, not from the surface of the earth. This is a key element of the “greenhouse” effect. The intensity of emission depends on the local atmosphere. So thetemperatureof the atmosphere from which the emission originates determines the amount of ...
The two investigated factors were SOILTEMP and RAIN (precipitation). Regarding SOILTEMP, half of the HAL-Ms with LOESS and half of those with SAND were heated to a constant temperature of 50 °C (HEAT), while the other half served as the control group (CTRL). During the initiation phase...
of mass loss during a temperature ramp of 3°C/min from ambient to 700°C in 100 cm3/min 10% H2/He. TPO experiments were used to design temperature programmes for bulk calcination. The rate of mass loss during a constant temperature ramp of 3°C/min from ambient temperature to 700°...