However, there are economies of scale in self-employment in microenterprise, human capital assets for labor market participation, and social capital for international migration, implying conflicts between equity gains and social efficiency in ... AD Janvry,E Sadoulet 被引量: 58发表: 1996年 Foreign...
2.1.3. Studies of Economies of Scale and Scope Studies of economies of scale and scope in banking address the question of whether financial institutions produce the optimal output mix in terms of both size and composition. L. Allen and Rai (1996), for example, estimate economies of scale and...
action - something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions" downsizing, retrenchment, curtailment - the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable economy of scale - the saving in cost of production that is due ...
In particular, we uncover three sources of economies and diseconomies of scale that are present simultaneously when operating ODRP, with the objective to determine the efficiency of ODRP as a shared-mobility platform for urban operations. To do so, we consider a real-life network in Manhattan,...
The initial domestication of horses has been linked to major changes in human mobility and social organization, particularly in Inner Asia1. Horses have also been invoked to explain continent-scale population movements, such as the spread of some Bronze Age peoples into Europe (e.g.2). By the...
Originally designed to make American agriculture more competitive on a global scale, the oft-debated Farm Bill contains huge subsidies for largely corporate farmers – Archer Daniels Midland, Cargill, and other conglomerates – which was hardly the intention when the legislation was originally passed. ...
functions,flexible manufacturing,building on current expertise, andmergers. The gist of their respective advantages is founded on cooperation and production efficiency; when economies of scale center around the increased efficiency in more volume, economies of scope speak to the efficiency of more ...
Then you need to have a way of insuring that what that savings is used for can ultimately create value. The return on that investment, that’s where you see the takeoff in manufacturing. The ability to start small-scale manufacturing enterprises, which have access to the marketplace. You se...
The realist approach takes the alternative to be intentional and self-conscious efforts, usually undertaken on a local scale. Frequently, these efforts are understood as embattled spaces of difference surrounded by a larger economy that threatens to erase them. The second approach to defining the ...
Figure 1. Static effects of agglomeration economies Early approaches to the economics of urban size mainly concerned scale economies in the supply of private and public fixed capital, and the productivity of urban infrastructure. Some erroneously identified optimal city size as the size minimizing locat...