There are a number of substantive fields in international law, namely the economic, environmental, criminal, humanitarian, security, human rights, and diplomatic fields (Evans, 2014). TheEuropean Union(EU), the UN, and various other supranational organizations have established numerous legal bodies in...
A need for an increased role for the United Nations, the only supranational institution, that has a broad political legitimacy and an adequate representation of both middle-income countries and the least-developed countries to ensure the necessary and just regulations on key and complex issues has ...
The leading political force in Rojava is the Democratic Union Party (PYD), which in turn is closely affiliated with the Kurds’ leading organization in Turkey, the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK). Turkey has waged a decades-long war on its Kurdish minority and as part of that war declares the...
As a public authority, the European Union is less than a state, but more than an international organization. "Entity", "geopolitical actor", "multi-level governance" are examples of inaccurate terms that have been used to capture the meaning of a political organization with a diffuse ...
Footnote 21 Within the SSM: (i) the ECB directly applies supranational EU rules on prudential supervision, with the support provided by national authorities; (ii) the ECB, in the exercise of its tasks, instructs NCAs to exercise their respective supervisory powers, under national law, in ...
The EAEU, as a regional integration project with supranational institutions, theoretically reduces customs duties and eliminates non-tariff barriers 472 M. Pieper between member states. This opens Kazakhstan up to a bigger regional market while protecting domestic industries from the competitive prices ...
Both regulation and self-regulation are being fostered by supranational governments (e.g., the European Union's directives on misleading and comparative advertising), international organizations (e.g., the World Health Organization's development of a global treaty to control tobacco sales and advertisi...
All SectionsA: Sustainable EnergyA1: Smart Grids and MicrogridsA2: Solar Energy and Photovoltaic SystemsA3: Wind, Wave and Tidal EnergyA4: Bio-EnergyA5: Hydrogen EnergyB: Energy and EnvironmentB1: Energy and Climate ChangeB2: Clean EnergyB3: Carbon Emission and UtilizationB4: Nuclear EnergyC: En...
The remaining wide range of potential emission reductions and the problem of measuring them precisely, entail that ambitious cap-and-trade approaches on supranational or even international level are not suitable as a primary instrument for peatland conservation (measured especially against the above-mentio...