sanctionsagricultureRussiaheterogeneityCombining two new datasets on sanctions and agricultural trade and implementing step-by-step the latest developments in the empirical structural gravity literatLarch, MarioLuckstead, JeffYotov, Yoto V.Social Science Electronic Publishing...
In contrast, the US side has continuously tightened export control, escalated sanctions against Chinese enterprises, and repeatedly violated its obligations under the Agreement. Recently, the US side issued the America First Trade Policy Memorandum, the America First Investment Policy Memorandum and the ...
Employing a difference-in-differences approach, we compare the probability of being employed in the informal sector before and after 2012 for workers in industries with different pre-existing exposure to international trade. Our analysis reveals that, following the sanctions, workers in industries with...
The country's main agricultural products are wheat, millet, rice, corn, sugar cane, tea, potatoes, cotton, bananas, guava, mango, lemon, papaya, and chickpea. India has the world’s largest cattle population, as well as the third-largest in fishing production in the world. The spices ...
Today, it is all too common for great powers to resort to economic statecraft and social penetration to further their national interests. For example, the United States enacted targeted financial sanctions to deter the Islamic Republic of Iran's nuclear program. The Russian Federation launched cyber...
Econst Voice 2023; 20(2): 197–226 Mohammad Reza Farzanegan* and Esfandyar Batmanghelidj Understanding Economic Sanctions on Iran: A Survey https://doi.org/10.1515/ev-2023-0014 Received March 16, 2023; accepted June 2, 2023; published online June 22, 2023 Abstract: This paper surveys ...
Sanctions and trade wars take centre stage at Astana forum The Western policy of sanctions against Russia is not without criticism, particularly in central Asia, according to high-level speakers at the inaugural Astana International Forum (AIF), which opened on Thursday (8 June) in th...
“There’s not a great track record of coercive economic measures, be it tariffs or sanctions, achieving that kind of a function without explicitly laying out what you’re trying to achieve, and I haven’t heard clear goals,” he said. ...
However, the COVID-19 pandemic and sanctions by the EU and the US have presented significant challenges for Russia's trade and economic relations. We analyze the impact of these factors on the country's economy and trade, including its effect on various industries and sectors. Despite these ...
Noun1.economic crisis- a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment depression,slump crisis- an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty; "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis" ...