(1977) The history of the Earth's surface temperature for the last 100 106 years. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 5: pp. 319-355Savin, S. M.: 1977, ‘The history of the Earth's surface temperature for the last 100 10 6 years’, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary ...
History of Changes in the Earth's Temperatureby Liz Osborn CurrentResults.com How Hot Has the World Got?The earth's average temperature rose by 0.8 °C (1.5 °F) during the last century.That change is in the mean global temperature that has been calculated for each year since 1880. The...
recognized the first-order trend—i.e., a two-step rise of atmospheric oxygen level spanning Earth history over roughly the last four billion years. The two transition periods of sharp O2increase
Modelled CO2 concentration falls within previously derived bounds29 and global average surface temperature is between ~0 °C and ~30 °C over most of Earth’s history. We produce very low surface temperatures in the Eoarchean due to crustal carbonate degassing tending to zero at this time....
Here, using satellite-based estimates of suspended sediment, we reconstruct the quantitative history and patterns of erosion and sediment transport in major headwater basins from 1986 to 2021. Out of 13 warming-affected headwater...
Brönnimann S, Martius O (2013) Weather extremes during the past 140 years. Geographica Bernensia G89:108, doi:10.4480/GB2013.G89.05 Google Scholar Brohan P, Allan R, Freeman E, Wheeler D, Wilkinson C, Williamson F (2012) Constraining the temperature history of the past millennium using...
(seevolcano: Intraplate volcanism), superplumes may have had profound effects on Earth’s geologic history and even on itsclimate. One outburst of globalvolcanismabout 66 million years ago, which created the vast floodbasaltdeposits known as theDeccanTraps on theIndian subcontinent(seeplateau), may...
Atlantic Ocean thermal forcing of Central American rainfall over 140,000 years A new multi-speleothem record from Guatemala demonstrates that Atlantic Ocean circulation and sea surface temperature controlled Central American monsoon convection during the last glacial cycle, with a limited role for orbital...
The history of Earth’s sulfur cycle The redox transformations of sulfur mean it is a key component of global biogeochemical cycles. This Review explores the sulfur cycle over geological time, including its role during major climate perturbations, oceanic anoxic events and the evolution of life. ...
years are the oldest available globally. Shortly after the creation of the Swiss National Park (SNP) in 1914, Emile and André Chaix made the first in-situ measurements of the velocity of a RG in the world4. During their fieldwork in 1918 and subsequent years, they assessed four RG in ...