and properties of the atmosphere, ocean and biosphere to construct computer models. These models – which can range significantly in their complexity, depending on their intended application – are used to simulate important aspects of the Earth system and indicate how they may change in the future...
Earth system model simulations illustrate that agricultural nitrogen fertilization significantly enhances the amplitude of land-atmosphere CO2 exchange, with a magnitude comparable to that of CO2 fertilization. Danica L. Lombardozzi , William R. Wieder & Keith Lindsay Article 18 February 2025 | Open ...
The Earth's atmosphere is conventionally divided into layers on the basis of the vertical structure of thetemperature field(Figure 1). The lowest layer of the atmosphere, termed thetroposphere, exhibits decreasing temperature with height up to a minimum at thetropopause(near 8–16km, depending on...
Layered Earth College is the ideal companion to your Earth Science textbook. Difficult to visualize principles and concepts are illustrated through interactive simulations and innovative exercises. Read More Layered Earth Meteorology Bring the rain. The Atmosphere Atmospheric composition, layers of the ...
Deforestation contributes to global warming in a variety of different ways. Global warming, or climate change, is caused by humans releasing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Forests naturally pull billions of tons of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, so when we remo...
We present the global general circulation model IPSL-CM5 developed to study the long-term response of the climate system to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the 5th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). This model includes an interactive carbon cycle, a represen...
Nadir observations probing the atmospheric column are sensitive to the boundary layer when using light at UV–vis wavelengths. Limb geometries have difficulties sampling the lower layers of the atmosphere but they can provide profile information at vertical resolution unavailable in the nadir geometry. ...
We present climate and surface mass balance (SMB) of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) as simulated by the global, coupled ocean–atmosphere–land Community Earth System Model (CESM) with a horizontal resolution of ∼1∘ in the past, present and future (1850–2100). CESM correctly simulates...
Plant litter-derived mineral-associated organic matter that formed in the first year and pyrogenic organic inputs both persist on a decadal scale in grassland soil via distinct mechanisms, according to a soil organic matter decomposition experiment. ...
Earth science encompasses geological, hydrological, atmospheric and meteorological research that paves the way towards better understanding of the planet on which we live. From deep in the Earth’s interior to the highest reaches of the atmosphere, the work highlighted here shows significant research ...