EFNS guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of primary dystonias. Eur J Neurol 2011;18(1):5-18.Albanese A, Asmus F, Bhatia KP, Elia AE, Elibol B, et al. (2011) EFNS guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of primary dystonias. Eur J Neurol 18: 5-18....
Dystonia is a movement disorder caused by diverse etiologies. Its treatment in children is particularly challenging due to the complexity of the developmen
Botulinum toxin has revolutionized the treatment of focal dystonia. This paper summarizes the current knowledge and state of the art strategy for the use of botulinum toxin in dystonia and beyond. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Pirio Richardson, S., Wegele, A. R., Skipper, B., Deligt...
managementnon pharmacologicoral medicationtreatment guidelinesIntroductionNon-Pharmacologic InterventionsPharmacologic Treatments: Oral Medications (Table 13.1)Treatment Guidelines for DystoniaReferencesdoi:10.1002/9780470713990.ch13Cynthia L. ComellaJohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd...
Strong (level B) evidence supports the use of DBS for the treatment of primary generalized or segmental dystonia, especially when due to mutation in the DYT1 gene, as well as for patients with cervical dystonia. Large effect sizes have also been reported for DBS treatment of tardive dystonia,...
botulinum toxin fails, other medical treatments such as anticholinergics and muscle relaxants may be considered, although their efficacy is less established. Surgical intervention can be beneficial for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment. Deep brain stimulation has emerged as an ...
” Therefore, the treatment should aim at changing the impaired motor programs by amending both the motor output from thecentral nervous systemand thesensory inputfrom theperipheral nervous system(Dressler and Adib Saberi, 2017). The “geste antagoniste,” a voluntary maneuver that temporarily ...
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections is the accepted first-line therapy for cervical dystonia (CD), however, numerous patients discontinue treatment early due to perceived sub-optimal relief. To improve BoNT-A therapy for CD, proper assessment of neck motion and selection of relevant muscle...
Na2CaEDTA therefore appears to effectively chelate Mn in this disorder; however, clinical response can be variable, possibly due to patient age and disease severity at treatment onset. Tissue expression and Mn transport differ between isoforms. Immunostaining of sections of human control liver showed ...
(b, c, e, f) Photomicrographs of corresponding sections immunohistochemically stained for ChAT and Nissl after treatment with either Rabbit IgG-saporin (b, 4X; c, 20X) or anti-ChAT-saporin (e, 4X; f, 20X). Arrowheads demonstrate ChAT+ striatal neurons. Stippled contours indicate the ...