Levels 1–2 are considered “normal/safe/functional”, while levels 3 or more describe penetration or aspiration events that place an individual at risk for negative sequelae, such as aspiration pneumonia. It is not uncommon for this scale to be used in a binary manner to group safe versus ...
1). TMT measurements were performed by two investigators blinded to the patients' outcomes. Inter-rater reliability assessed to ensure reproducibility and consistency. The levels of reliability, determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), were categorized as follows: poor (<0.50), ...
Our findings indicated that the MTP values were initially low in patients requiring mechanical ventilation with endotracheal intubation for more than 24 h, but returned to normal levels after 1 week among those without dysphagia. These findings are in accordance with those of our previous study, ...