Viscosity is an important fluid property when analyzing liquid behavior and fluid motion near solid boundaries. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. The shear resistance in a fluid is caused by inter-molecular friction e...
where ΔΔ is the filtering scale; Δ=(ΔxΔyΔz)13Δ=(ΔxΔyΔz)13, and its size depends on the computational grid in the local area unit length; SijSij as shown in Eq. (4); the SGS viscosity is given by the Smagorinsky model; and cscs is the Smagorinsky constant. Sij=12(...
A powerful application of the Reynolds number is the identification of conditions of dynamic similarity—experiments with very small or very large specimen can be impractical, but a suitable adjustment of the fluid viscosity enables accurate experiments with scaled models of more convenient size. In th...
crucial for minimizing vibration and noise. It also significantly impacts the dynamic performance of the tensioner. When the leakage gap is utilized appropriately, the hydraulic tensioner can generate the necessary damping to offset the chain load. A larger leakage gap results in reduced damping force...
The problem is also approached in an entirely different way by direct numerical integration using an alternative time-dependent model. There is agreement between the two methods and the results show that the fluid density and viscosity place an upper limit on the acceleration of the output rotor....
which is mainly caused by the capillary pressure difference inside the liquid and the surface tension of the fluid, and its value is equal to the sum of the axial components of the two.\(F_{vis}\)is the dynamic liquid bridge force (also known as the dynamic viscosity force), which is...
We develop a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model of the mitral valve (MV) that uses an anatomically and physiologically realistic description of the MV leaflets and chordae tendineae. Three different chordae models—complex, ‘pseudo-fibre’ and simplified chordae—are compared to determine how...
whereR_{{\text{B}}}is the bubble radius (m),\nu_{{\text{l}}}the fluid kinematic viscosity (m2/s),\sigmathe surface tension coefficient of the liquid (N/m),Pthe ratio of the difference between the internal pressure of the bubble and the pressure of the fluid to the density of th...
A general diagram describing the mechanical properties of all parts participating in the oscillation process. Each physical part of the system is described with an elastic spring of K, which obeys Hooke’s law and a viscous dashpot containing an incompressible liquid of viscosity η, which obeys ...
We have developed a simple and relatively inexpensive system to visualize adherent cells in profile while measuring their mechanical properties using microindentation. The setup allows simultaneous control of cell microenvironment by introducing a microp