The resulting DNA pellet was washed with ice-cold 70% ethanol twice, and dissolved in 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0. After the DNA was extracted and cleaned, a two-step PCR was used to amplify the double barcodes for sequencing. Because only a small fraction of the total genome contains ...
Whole genome duplications (WGD), also known as polyploidy, are an important recurrent process over evolutionary time that have contributed to the origin of novel phenotypes and driven species diversification across eukaryotes1,2. Polyploids are species that contain three or more complete sets of chro...
Cryoconite holes are unique freshwater environments on glacier surfaces, formed when solar-heated dark debris melts down into the ice. Active photoautotrop... M Stibal,M Tranter,LG Benning,... - 《Environmental Microbiology》 被引量: 162发表: 2010年 Impact of biodiversity-climate futures on prim...
glaciers. glacial meltwater streams and ice-capped lakes. Cyanobacteria are the primary colonizers of glacial moraines after the retreat of ice sheets. and they play an important role in the carbon and nitrogen economy of tundra and polar desert soils. Various communities dominated by cyanobacteria...
aDistribution of synonymous substitution rates (Ks) between species and between subP and subM. Numbers at distribution peaks indicate medianKsvalues.bThe phylogenetic relationship of possible diploid ancestors and allotetraploid subgenomes. The ML tree based on CDS of 1669 one to one orthologs from ...
The two genomes share the Brassiceae-specific hexaploidization event and 77.8% of the annotated genes from B. rapa have a retained B. oleracea orthologue. Thus, even with on-going independent fractionation post-polyploidization and species divergence there is significant conservation of syntenic gene...
BFA (5 μg/ml) was added to cells during peptide pulsing to prevent the appearance of newly synthesized class I molecules. Cells were then washed, aliquoted in BFA-containing medium, and transferred to 37°C. Starting at this time point, cells were harvested onto ice, and, following the ...
PE-SA, APC-SA, or NF-SA was then added gradually to 10 μL biotinylated proteins 5 times on ice, 1 μL PE-SA, APC-SA, or NF-SA (0.1 mg/ml stock) every 20 minutes for a total of 5 μL (0.5 μg) PE-SA, APC-SA, or NF-SA. The reaction was then quenched with 5 μL ...
The cylinder was placed in a jar of water and the jar was stood in a tray of ice; this gave a temperature gradient in the jar and cylinder, which minimised convective mixing. The colony was released at the water surface and the times were recorded as the colony passed the 100, 70, ...
(green cells) strains, when separated by a 0.45 μm membrane, where no dominance was toobfsoerrmveda,gegvreegnattheos,uagnhdStOha2t(tchreeammicdrootesn)vwiraosnambleenttoidnitffhuespe.roTxhiempiatyneolfotnhethdeomriginhatnsht ostwrasitnh,awt hthicehcpelrlosdwuecreedable greater ...