Control variables. For the city-level control variables we choose the number of employees in employment, household population, wages of employees in employment, gross regional growth per capita, and total retail sales of consumer goods. For firm-level control variables we chose the number of employ...
supply chains into compliant and non-compliant streams if the benefits of selling to regulated EU markets exceed the costs of implementing zero-deforestation supply chain policies across Brazil. This would reduce gross avoided deforestation relative to our analysis and could also weaken the influence ...