Postnatal Nicotine Exposure Does Not Further Enhance Breathing Pattern Alterations Suggestive of Impaired Lung Function in Prenatally Nicotine-Exposed LambsThe American Pediatric Society and the Society for Pediatric Research 1999 Abstractdoi:10.1203/00006450-199904020-02117HWSund...
the plant alkaloid, nicotine, can reduce infections by the trypanosome gut parasite (Crithidia bombi) in bumblebees. Parasitized bumblebees may be drawn to nicotine and thereby self-medicate their infection. We tested the hypothesis that nicotine can reduce ...
What effect does caffeine have on a neuron? How is this effect different from what nicotine does? What chemical/biological processes are the major causes of anxiety? How does caffeine affect the nervous system? What causes serotonin syndrome?
they did demonstrate reduced lose-shift behavior and increased rates of perseveration following reversals (Young et al.2023), which is in keeping with the present results. Thus, although AMPH can enhance certain forms of cognition and executive functioning, it can...
What effect does caffeine have on a neuron? How is this effect different from what nicotine does? What is the difference between broad and narrow spectrum drugs? 1. What is the difference between a selective and a non-selective CNS depressant? 2. What makes a drug ...
The idea behind this is that because a chronic smoker’s gastrointestinal acetylcholine system is “used” to getting more nicotine-based stimulation from tobacco, it may become less able to function properly once this extra source of stimulation is removed, thereby resulting in impaired digestive ...
Learning theory offers predictions about schedules of reinforcement that may further enhance the maintenance of behavior change [57]. Learning theory can be used to inform the timing and frequency (i.e., schedule) of cues and rewards to ensure that a habit formation process is maximally potent....
Stress reinstates nicotine seeking but not sucrose solution seeking in rats Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 144 (1999), pp. 183-188 Google Scholar Buffalari and See, 2009 D.M. Buffalari, R.E. See Footshock stress potentiates cue-induced cocaine-seeking in an animal model of relapse Physiol. Beha...
Learning theory offers predictions about schedules of reinforcement that may further enhance the maintenance of behavior change [57]. Learning theory can be used to inform the timing and frequency (i.e., schedule) of cues and rewards to ensure that a habit formation process is maximally potent....
Peripubertal stress increases play fighting at adolescence and modulates nucleus accumbens CB1 receptor expression and mitochondrial function in the amygdala. Transl. Psychiatry 2018, 8, 156. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Achterberg, E.M.; Vanderschuren, L.J. Treatment with low doses of nicotine ...