Protesters also suggested that the government include Airbnb as part of the lodging industry (Formosa News 2018). This tax avoidance policy for Airbnb Company began in September 2017. To avoid base erosion, profit shifting, and tax avoidance as suggested by the OECD (OECD, 2013), the ...
2.2 Profit functions and optimality conditions The following equation governs employment in firm \(i\) over time \(t\): $$\frac{d{N}_{i}}{dt}=m\left(x\right){V}_{i}-{L}_{i}$$ (1) As there are no aggregate shocks, firm level employment remains constant as long as a firm...
the pilot program was expanded to include 14 additional provinces and regions, such as Jilin and Hainan. The project had expanded to achieve countrywide coverage by the close of 2016. The staged rollout of
Porter, 1985) and explicit profit generation. Whilst value chain analysis focused on cost reduction and competitive positioning and business models on profit making, there was a recognized need to extend this to address more complex value capture. Arend addressed this clearly in 2013, identifying ...
Economic evaluation of pay-for-performance in health care: a systematic review. Eur J Health Econ HEPAC Health Econ Prev Care. 2012;13(6):755–67. Article Google Scholar Meacock R, Kristensen SR, Sutton M. The cost-effectiveness of using financial incentives to improve provider quality: a...
China’s municipal authorities and capitalists thereby evade contributing to rural migrant families’ social reproduction costs even as they profit from the migrants’ labour (Fan, 2008), which replicates a global pattern whereby state-endorsed structures detach social production from economic production ...
For instance, total revenue (profit) has improved (recovered) appreciably from £26.68 billion (£6.52 billion) in 2005 to £29.35 billion (−£21.82 billion) in 2006, £31.1 billion (−£5.3 billion) in 2007, £45.9 billion (£7.87 billion) in 2011, and £46.47 billion...
Meat demand in China: To include or not to include meat away from home? Aust. J. Agric. Resour Ec. 2020, 64, 150–170. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Huang, K.S.; Gale, F. Food demand in China: Income, quality, and nutrient effects. China Agric. Econ. Rev. 2009, 1, 395–409...
The level of total factor productivity and profit rate of enterprises with R & D investment is about 14% higher than that of enterprises without R & D [53,54]. Therefore, companies that focus on implementing ESG concepts will promote high-quality development by increasing investment in ...
At the same time, it also strengthens the firm brand effect, increases the discrimination with similar firms and products, enhances the competition barrier, improves the profit space, thus increasing free cash flow, which is conducive to enhancing cash flexibility. Second, from the principal-agent ...