if philosophers think brains have “states” the recent real time imaging, practically speaking, of tetra-fish brain activity will come as a surprise with its haphazard and sometimes whole-scale activity.
What do most philosophers believe? The question may only interest other philosophers—and when it comes to such esoteric concerns as the “analytic synthetic distinction,” this is probably true. But when it comes to the big ...
Perhaps the wisest way to navigate the debate between Free Will and Determinism was worked out by the Ancient Roman philosophers of the Stoic school. These Stoics proposed that we should see ourselves as always hovering between a...
The ”meta” in metaphysics means “beyond” in Greek, and the ancient philosophers of Athens, especially Plato and Socrates, considered the realm beyond the physical more important than the physical. This is also the view held by devoutly religious people, who view God or the gods as rulers ...
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诚然，西方是人类很多文明成就的展示台，有一些价值观是人类壮举的注脚，如对科学实验的信仰，向假说挑战的意志。但对实践这些价值的迷信会导致一种特有的盲目，无法理解某些夹杂在其中的价值可能是有害的。但要看清这一点，人们必须站在西方之外，所谓“当局者迷，旁观者清”。这说明( )。
aAesthetic thought of a distinctively modern art emerged during the 18th century. The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters (1) natural beauty, the sublime, and representation——a trend reflecting the central position they had given to the philosophy...
It's the general principle with which we are all familiar: if you wouldn't want everyone else to act in a certain way, then you shouldn't either. An Ethic of Caring: A number of contemporary feminist philosophers, notably Nel Noddings and Carol Gilligan, have developed a moral theory in...
in some respects, or at least lacked some concepts that would have made their lives easier. So I hope people will not be too offended if I propose that ancient philosophers were similarly naive. In particular, they don't seem to have fully grasped what I earlier called the central fact ...
AN:I might skirt the consciousness question, because it feels to me like a philosophical question rather than a scientific one. I think philosophers say that, as people, out of politeness, we all assume other people are conscious — but how do you know if I am conscious? Maybe I’m just...